Losing the Life: A Review on Autobiographical Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease

CENGİL, Betül Beyza; Kaynak, Hande; Aydın, Öykü

Losing the Life: A Review on Autobiographical Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease

Öykü AYDIN, (Psikolog, Yüksek Lisans Öğrencisi, Çankaya Üniversite, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Psikoloji Bölümü, Ankara, Türkiye)

Betül Beyza CENGİL, (Araştırma Görevlisi, Sosyal Bilimler Ankara Üniversitesi Beşeri Bilimler Fakültesi ve Sosyal Bilimler Bölümü Psikoloji, Ankara, Türkiye)

Hande KAYNAK (Çankaya Üniversitesi, Fakülte Sanat ve Bilim Bölümü, Psikoloji, Ankara, Türkiye)

Psikoloji çalışmaları (Online)

6 3

Yıl: 2021 Cilt: 41 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 61 - 81 Metin Dili: İngilizce İndeks Tarihi: 28-06-2021

Losing the Life: A Review on Autobiographical Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease

Öz:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common type of dementia amongolder adults, is a progressive and neurodegenerative brain disease. AD ischaracterized by progressive memory impairments, but not other types ofdementia. Autobiographical memory (AM) is defined as episodes recollectedfrom individuals’ life, and it is one of the memory systems impaired in AD. Oneconsequence of AM decline in AD is difficulties in the retrieval of recent AMsrather than past ones. AM contains both episodic and semantic components,and it is crucial for self-concept. The aim of the present study is to review thecurrent understanding of AM in people with AD. In the introduction part of thereview, AD and its cognitive correlates are presented in detail, with how AMperformance is important for the self. In the second part of the review, AMdeteriorations in patients with AD are discussed. Factors, such as emotion andolfaction, affecting AM are mentioned along with the neural substrates. In thisregard, the effect of the emotional dimension (e.g., valence) on the formationand retrieval of AMs is discussed and how AM is studied with olfactory stimuliis presented, respectively. Studies on the link between AM and emotion haveshown that there is a positive shift of AM in AD, indicating that patients withAD remember their AMs more positively. In addition, olfactory stimuli evokemore AMs than verbal and visual stimuli. The conclusion section of the currentreview is devoted to some recommendations that might guide future research.For instance, stage-by-stage investigation of AM in AD and the comparison ofthem in relation to relevant variables could be one way of providing detailedfindings on the nature of AM in AD.

Anahtar Kelime:

Hayatı Yitirmek: Alzheimer Hastalığında Otobiyografik Bellek Üzerine Bir Derleme

Öz:

Alzheimer hastalığı, progresif ve nörodejeneratif bir beyin hastalığı olup yaşlı yetişkinler arasında en yaygın görülen demans tipidir. Alzheimer hastalığı, diğer demans tiplerinin aksine progresif bellek bozulmaları ile karakterizedir. Alzheimer hastalığında görülen bellek bozulmalarından biri olan otobiyografik bellek ise kişinin yaşamı boyunca meydana gelen olayların depolandığı bellek olarak tanımlanır. Alzheimer hastalığında otobiyografik bellek süreçlerinde gözlemlenen düşüşün bir sonucu, geçmiş dönemden ziyade, yakın dönem otobiyografik anıların geri getirilmesinde yaşanan zorluktur. Hem olaysal hem de anlamsal bileşenleri içeren bu bellek tipi, kişinin benlik kavramı için de önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Alzheimer hastalarında otobiyografik bellek süreçlerinin güncel alan yazında nasıl ele alındığını incelemektir. Derlemenin giriş kısmında Alzheimer hastalığı ve hastalık ile ilişkilendirilen bilişsel süreçler, otobiyografik bellek performansının benlik için önemiyle birlikte detaylı olarak sunulmuştur. Derlemenin ikinci kısmında Alzheimer hastalarında otobiyografik bellek bozulmaları tartışılmış ve otobiyografik belleğe etki eden duygu ve koku duyusu gibi faktörlerden ilgili nöral yapılar ile birlikte bahsedilmiştir. Bu bağlamda sırasıyla duygusal boyutun (örneğin, değerlik) otobiyografik anıların oluşumu ve geri getirilmesi üzerindeki etkisi tartışılmış ve otobiyografik belleğin koku uyaranlarıyla nasıl çalışıldığı ele alınmıştır. Otobiyografik bellek ve duygu arasındaki ilişki üzerine yapılan çalışmalar, Alzheimer hastalığında otobiyografik anıların içeriğinin olumluya doğru kaydığını, bu kapsamda Alzheimer hastalarının daha olumlu otobiyografik anılarını hatırladıklarını göstermiştir. Ek olarak, koku uyaranlarının sözel ve görsel uyaranlardan daha fazla otobiyografik anı üretmeye neden olduğu bulunmuştur. Mevcut derlemenin sonuç kısmı, gelecek çalışmalara yön verebilecek bazı önerilere ayrılmıştır. Örneğin, Alzheimer hastalığının farklı evrelerinde otobiyografik belleğin incelenmesi ve bellek performansının ilgili değişkenler açısından karşılaştırılması, Alzheimer hastalığında otobiyografik belleğin doğası hakkında ayrıntılı bulgular sağlamanın yollarından biri olabilir.

Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Derleme Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

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APA	Aydın Ö, CENGİL B, Kaynak H (2021). Losing the Life: A Review on Autobiographical Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease. , 61 - 81.
Chicago	Aydın Öykü,CENGİL Betül Beyza,Kaynak Hande Losing the Life: A Review on Autobiographical Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease. (2021): 61 - 81.
MLA	Aydın Öykü,CENGİL Betül Beyza,Kaynak Hande Losing the Life: A Review on Autobiographical Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease. , 2021, ss.61 - 81.
AMA	Aydın Ö,CENGİL B,Kaynak H Losing the Life: A Review on Autobiographical Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease. . 2021; 61 - 81.
Vancouver	Aydın Ö,CENGİL B,Kaynak H Losing the Life: A Review on Autobiographical Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease. . 2021; 61 - 81.
IEEE	Aydın Ö,CENGİL B,Kaynak H "Losing the Life: A Review on Autobiographical Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease." , ss.61 - 81, 2021.
ISNAD	Aydın, Öykü vd. "Losing the Life: A Review on Autobiographical Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease". (2021), 61-81.

APA	Aydın Ö, CENGİL B, Kaynak H (2021). Losing the Life: A Review on Autobiographical Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease. Psikoloji çalışmaları (Online), 41(1), 61 - 81.
Chicago	Aydın Öykü,CENGİL Betül Beyza,Kaynak Hande Losing the Life: A Review on Autobiographical Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease. Psikoloji çalışmaları (Online) 41, no.1 (2021): 61 - 81.
MLA	Aydın Öykü,CENGİL Betül Beyza,Kaynak Hande Losing the Life: A Review on Autobiographical Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease. Psikoloji çalışmaları (Online), vol.41, no.1, 2021, ss.61 - 81.
AMA	Aydın Ö,CENGİL B,Kaynak H Losing the Life: A Review on Autobiographical Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease. Psikoloji çalışmaları (Online). 2021; 41(1): 61 - 81.
Vancouver	Aydın Ö,CENGİL B,Kaynak H Losing the Life: A Review on Autobiographical Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease. Psikoloji çalışmaları (Online). 2021; 41(1): 61 - 81.
IEEE	Aydın Ö,CENGİL B,Kaynak H "Losing the Life: A Review on Autobiographical Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease." Psikoloji çalışmaları (Online), 41, ss.61 - 81, 2021.
ISNAD	Aydın, Öykü vd. "Losing the Life: A Review on Autobiographical Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease". Psikoloji çalışmaları (Online) 41/1 (2021), 61-81.