Amaç: Küresel bir salgına neden olan Covid-19, varyant formlarının da ortaya çıkmasıyla birlikte milyonlarca insanı etkilemeye devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Covid-19 fizyopatolojisinde hastalık şiddetiyle ilişkili olabileceğini düşündüğümüz Transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1)’in, hastalar ve sağlıklı popülasyon düzeylerini karşılaştırıp prognostik ve prediktif bir belirteç olarak kullanılıp kullanılmayacağını araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada COVID-19 tanısı konmuş ve hastalık şiddetine göre sınıflandırılmış 43 hafif (Bilgisayarlı Tomography (BT) [-], Kadın=21-Erkek=22), 45 şiddetli (BT [+], Kadın=20-Erkek=25) Covid-19 hastası ve 88 Sağlıklı kontrol (Kadın=46-Erkek=42) grubundan oluşmuştur. Bulgular: Covid-19’ da; TGF1, CRP ve D-Dimer düzeylerinde kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı düzeyde artış bulduk. Hasta grubunda TGF1 düzeyleri ile CRP düzeyleri arasında pozitif korelasyon bulduk. Sonuç: Antiviral ilaç ve aşı seçenekleriyle pandemiyi önleme çalışmaları tüm Dünya’ da devam ederken, halen Covid-19 enfeksiyonuna yönelik nihai tedavi bulunabilmiş değildir. Covid-19 enfeksiyonu tanısı almış hastalarda TGF1 düzeylerinin, bu hastalık için anahtar molekül olabileceğini ve patofizyolojisinin anlaşılmasıyla birlikte, hastalığın şiddetinin seyri açısından erken tanıda yol gösterici olabileceğini düşünüyoruz

Objective Covid-19, which causes an ongoing worldwide epidemic, affects millions of people with the emergence of its variant forms. This study aims to compare the levels of Transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1), which can be associated with disease severity in Covid-19 physiopathology, in patients and healthy population, and to determine whether it can be used as a prognostic and predictive marker. Materials and Methods: 43 mild [CT (Computed tomography) (-), Female=21-Male=22)], 45 severe [CT (+), Female=20-Male=25)] Covid-19 patients classified according to the disease severity constituted the experimental group of our study. In addition, 88 healthy (Female=46- Male=42) people comprised the control group. Results: We found a significant increase in TGF1, CRP, and D-Dimer levels in the Covid-19 compared to the control group. We found a positive correlation between TGF1 levels and CRP levels in the patient group. Conclusion: Although efforts to end the pandemic with antiviral drug and vaccine options continue all over the world, the final treatment for Covid-19 infection has yet been not found. It has been understood that TGF1 levels may be the key molecule for the disease and its pathophysiology in patients diagnosed with Covid-19. We believe that this may be a marker for early diagnosis in terms of the severe course of the disease

In the research, it was examined whether biography works have an effect on the development of secondary school students' sense of self-confidence. Explanatory sequential design, which is one of the mixed research methods, was used. In this context, quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test control groups was used in the quantitative process of the research; In the qualitative process, written interviews were conducted. The research was carried out with 41 students, 20 of whom were in the experimental group and 21 of them were in the control group, who were in the 6th grade of secondary school. The quantitative data of this research, which has an 8-week implementation period, were obtained with the “Self-Concept Scale (Self- Confidence Scale)” developed by Piers and Harris and adapted into Turkish by Öner (1996) and Çataklı (1985); Qualitative data were collected with a semi- structured interview form developed by the researcher. With the quantitative data of the study, t-test and two-way ANOVA for mixed measures; qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis. As a result of the quantitative analysis of the research, it was determined that the self-confidence scores of the experimental group students who read the biography books were higher in the post-test than the self-confidence scores of the control group students who read the other books. As a qualitative result of the research, students stated that their desire to be successful increased after reading biographies; stated that they have feelings such as determination, pride and happiness. In addition, students stated that they wanted to be like them by being influenced by the lives of famous people, to be hardworking and known, not to give up, to remove obstacles on the way to success, and their self-confidence increased after reading biographies.