Determinants of Bilateral Trade between Europeans and the Ottoman Empire: 1878-1913
Yıl: 2022 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2 Sayfa Aralığı: 81 - 91 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.22440/wjae.8.2.3 İndeks Tarihi: 21-12-2022
Determinants of Bilateral Trade between Europeans and the Ottoman Empire: 1878-1913
Öz: During the 19th century, the Ottoman Empire experienced an increased integration into the world economy, primarily through the development of bilateral trade with European markets. This study examines the determinants of bilateral trade of the Ottoman Empire with its trading partners between 1878 and 1913 using a panel regression framework. The results indicate that the GDP of trading partners, distance, common borders, and the adoption of the metric system significantly affected bilateral trade. In contrast, the GDP of the Ottoman Empire, trade agreements, railways, and commercial ports had no statistically significant effects on the mentioned trade relations.
Anahtar Kelime: Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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| APA | Türel M, BAYCAR K (2022). Determinants of Bilateral Trade between Europeans and the Ottoman Empire: 1878-1913. , 81 - 91. 10.22440/wjae.8.2.3 |
| Chicago | Türel Meryem,BAYCAR KAZIM Determinants of Bilateral Trade between Europeans and the Ottoman Empire: 1878-1913. (2022): 81 - 91. 10.22440/wjae.8.2.3 |
| MLA | Türel Meryem,BAYCAR KAZIM Determinants of Bilateral Trade between Europeans and the Ottoman Empire: 1878-1913. , 2022, ss.81 - 91. 10.22440/wjae.8.2.3 |
| AMA | Türel M,BAYCAR K Determinants of Bilateral Trade between Europeans and the Ottoman Empire: 1878-1913. . 2022; 81 - 91. 10.22440/wjae.8.2.3 |
| Vancouver | Türel M,BAYCAR K Determinants of Bilateral Trade between Europeans and the Ottoman Empire: 1878-1913. . 2022; 81 - 91. 10.22440/wjae.8.2.3 |
| IEEE | Türel M,BAYCAR K "Determinants of Bilateral Trade between Europeans and the Ottoman Empire: 1878-1913." , ss.81 - 91, 2022. 10.22440/wjae.8.2.3 |
| ISNAD | Türel, Meryem - BAYCAR, KAZIM. "Determinants of Bilateral Trade between Europeans and the Ottoman Empire: 1878-1913". (2022), 81-91. https://doi.org/10.22440/wjae.8.2.3 |
| APA | Türel M, BAYCAR K (2022). Determinants of Bilateral Trade between Europeans and the Ottoman Empire: 1878-1913. World Journal of Applied Economics, 8(2), 81 - 91. 10.22440/wjae.8.2.3 |
| Chicago | Türel Meryem,BAYCAR KAZIM Determinants of Bilateral Trade between Europeans and the Ottoman Empire: 1878-1913. World Journal of Applied Economics 8, no.2 (2022): 81 - 91. 10.22440/wjae.8.2.3 |
| MLA | Türel Meryem,BAYCAR KAZIM Determinants of Bilateral Trade between Europeans and the Ottoman Empire: 1878-1913. World Journal of Applied Economics, vol.8, no.2, 2022, ss.81 - 91. 10.22440/wjae.8.2.3 |
| AMA | Türel M,BAYCAR K Determinants of Bilateral Trade between Europeans and the Ottoman Empire: 1878-1913. World Journal of Applied Economics. 2022; 8(2): 81 - 91. 10.22440/wjae.8.2.3 |
| Vancouver | Türel M,BAYCAR K Determinants of Bilateral Trade between Europeans and the Ottoman Empire: 1878-1913. World Journal of Applied Economics. 2022; 8(2): 81 - 91. 10.22440/wjae.8.2.3 |
| IEEE | Türel M,BAYCAR K "Determinants of Bilateral Trade between Europeans and the Ottoman Empire: 1878-1913." World Journal of Applied Economics, 8, ss.81 - 91, 2022. 10.22440/wjae.8.2.3 |
| ISNAD | Türel, Meryem - BAYCAR, KAZIM. "Determinants of Bilateral Trade between Europeans and the Ottoman Empire: 1878-1913". World Journal of Applied Economics 8/2 (2022), 81-91. https://doi.org/10.22440/wjae.8.2.3 |
