Peoplewithsexualandgenderidentityfeatureslabeledas“minoritygroups”(LGBTI+)concerningthestigmatizationandthediscriminationthey experienceinsocietybasedontheirsex,genderidentity,genderexpression,andsexualorientation,areknowntohavehigherratesofincarceration compared to the general population. Cis-heteronormative structures, relations, and attitudes, which underlie identity-related stigmatization, discrimination, and violence, are pervasive in the prison, even to a higher degree than in society. Therefore, the experience of incarceration has negative effects on the physical and mental health of these groups. Health inequities associated with sexual and gender identity become aggravated by the conditions and the practices in the prison. Stigmatization, discrimination, and violence in the prison, the issues related to the housing of the individuals, the difficulties in the access to healthcare, especially the interruptions in the gender-affirmative medical care have negative effects on the health of LGBTI+people. Necessary arrangement in the practices, and procedures, the provision of education and training to the prison staff and health care professionals may be beneficial.