Yıl: 2022 Cilt: 28 Sayı: 3 Sayfa Aralığı: 176 - 181 Metin Dili: Türkçe DOI: 10.4274/tnd.2022.55531 İndeks Tarihi: 21-05-2023

Akut İskemik İnmeli Hastalarda Tromboliz Sonrası Erken Nörolojik Kötüleşmenin Risk Faktörlerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz:
Amaç: Akut iskemik inme (Aİİ) tedavisinde intravenöz (İV) rekombinant doku plazminojen aktivatörü (rt-PA) tedavisinin etkinliği birçok çalışmada gösterilmiş ve İV rt-PA tedavisi tüm dünyada giderek artan bir şekilde kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Aİİ’de erken nörolojik kötüleşme (ENK) yaygın bir durumdur ve potansiyel olarak kötü klinik sonlanım ile ilişkilidir. Aİİ’de ENK prevalansı yapılan çalışmalarda %13 ile %37 arasında değişmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı İV rt-PA tedavisi alan Aİİ’li hastalarda ENK prevalansının ve risk faktörlerinin belirlenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya 01.01.2020-01.01.2021 tarihleri arasında Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Nöroloji Anabilim Dalı tarafından İV rt-PA tedavisi verilmiş 157 hasta retrospektif olarak dahil edildi. ENK olan hastalar, olmayanlar ile kıyaslanarak riskli grubun belirlenmesi planlandı. Bulgular: ENK ile ilişkili klinik, radyolojik ve demografik veriler değerlendirildiğinde yaş (p=0,023), serum glukoz düzeyi (p=0,045), taburculuktaki The National Institutes of Health Stroke skoru (p<0,01), Alberta Stroke Program Early CT (ASPECT) skoru (p<0,01), majör damar oklüzyonu varlığı (p=0,012), kardiyoembolizme bağlı iskemik inme (p=0,002), klinik sonlanım (p<0,001) ve semptomatik intraserebral kanama (p<0,001) ile anlamlı istatistiksel ilişki saptandı. ENK ile ilişkili anlamlı değişkenler binary lojistik regresyon ile değerlendirildiğinde en anlamlı değişkenlerin yaş (p=0,006) ve ASPECT skoru (p<0,001) olduğu saptandı. Sonuç: ENK sebepleri multifaktöriyeldir. Risk faktörlerinden en ilişkili olanları ileri yaş ve düşük ASPECT skoru olarak saptanmıştır. ENK’nın en sık sebebinin ise majör damar oklüzyonuna mekanik trombektomi yapılamaması olduğu anlaşıldı. Sanılanın aksine İV rt-PA tedavisi alan Aİİ’li hastalarda ENK’nın en sık sebebi semptomatik intrakraniyal kanama değil yetersiz rekanalizasyon ya da geç rekanalizasyon olarak değerlendirildi.
Anahtar Kelime:

Identifying the Risk Factors of Early Neurological Deterioration After Thrombolysis in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke

Öz:
Objective: The efficacy of intravenous (IV) recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) therapy in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) has been demonstrated in many studies and IV rt-PA therapy has been increasingly used all over the world. Early neurological deterioration (END) in AIS is common and potentially associated with a poor clinical outcome. The prevalence of END in AIS ranges from 13% to 37% in studies. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and risk factors of END in patients with AIS receiving IV rt-PA therapy. Materials and Methods: One hundred fifty seven patients who were given IV rt-PA treatment by Bursa Uludag University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology between 01.01.2020 and 01.01.2021 were retrospectively included in this study. It was planned to determine the risk group by comparing patients with END with those without. Results: Age (p=0.023), serum glucose level (p=0.045), The National Institutes of Health Stroke score at discharge (p<0.01), Alberta Stroke Program Early CT (ASPECT) score (p<0.01) when clinical, radiological and demographic data associated with END were evaluated and, statistically significant correlation was found with the presence of major vessel occlusion (p=0.012), ischemic stroke due to cardioembolism (p=0.002), clinical outcome (p<0.001) and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (p<0.001). When the significant variables associated with END were evaluated with binary logistic regression, the most significant variables were found to be age (p=0.006) and ASPECT score (p<0.001). Conclusion: The causes of END are multifactorial. The most associated risk factors were found to be advanced age and low ASPECT score. It was understood that the most common cause of END was the inability to perform mechanical thrombectomy for major vessel occlusion. Contrary to popular belief, the most common cause of END in patients with AIS who received IV rt-PA treatment was not considered to be symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage but to inadequate recanalization or late recanalization.
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • 1. Seshadri S, Wolf PA. Lifetime risk of stroke and dementia: current concepts, and estimates from the Framingham study. Lancet Neurol 2007;6:1106- 1114.
  • 2. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group. Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1581-1587.
  • 3. Hacke W, Kaste M, Bluhmki E, et al. Thrombolysis with alteplase 3 to 4.5 hours after acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 2008;359:1317-1329.
  • 4. Kwan J, Hand P. Early neurological deterioration in acute stroke: clinical characteristics and impact on outcome. QJM 2006;99:625-633.
  • 5. Mohr JP, Caplan LR, Melski JW, et al. The Harvard Cooperative Stroke Registry: a prospective registry. Neurology 1978;28:754-762.
  • 6. Martí-Vilalta JL, Arboix A. The Barcelona stroke registry. Eur Neurol 1999;41:135-142.
  • 7. Weimar C, Mieck T, Buchthal J, et al. Neurologic worsening during the acute phase of ischemic stroke. Arch Neurol 2005;62:393-397.
  • 8. Thanvi B, Treadwell S, Robinson T. Early neurological deterioration in acute ischaemic stroke: predictors, mechanisms and management. Postgrad Med J 2008;84:412-417.
  • 9. Powers WJ, Rabinstein AA, Ackerson T, et al. Guidelines for the Early Management of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: 2019 Update to the 2018 Guidelines for the Early Management of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Guideline for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2019;50:e344-e418. Erratum in: Stroke 2019;50:e440-e441.
  • 10. Cuadrado-Godia E. Early neurological deterioration, easy methods to detect it. Indian J Med Res 2015;141:266-268.
  • 11. 11.Köhrmann M, Schellinger PD. Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage after thrombolysis. Cerebrovasc Dis 2007;23:83-84.
  • 12. Ma Y, Liu L, Pu Y, et al. Predictors of neurological deterioration during hospitalization: results from the Chinese Intracranial Atherosclerosis (CICAS) study. Neurol Res 2015;37:385-390.
  • 13. Dávalos A, Cendra E, Teruel J, Martinez M, Genís D. Deteriorating ischemic stroke: risk factors and prognosis. Neurology 1990;40:1865-1869.
  • 14. Roquer J, Rodríguez-Campello A, Gomis M, et al. Acute stroke unit care and early neurological deterioration in ischemic stroke. J Neurol 2008;255:1012-1017.
  • 15. Barber M, Wright F, Stott DJ, Langhorne P. Predictors of early neurological deterioration after ischaemic stroke: a case-control study. Gerontology 2004;50:102-109.
  • 16. Tei H, Uchiyama S, Ohara Ket al. Deteriorating ischemic stroke in 4 clinical categories classified by the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project. Stroke 2000;31:2049-2054.
  • 17. Seo WK, Seok HY, Kim JH, et al. C-reactive protein is a predictor of early neurologic deterioration in acute ischemic stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2012;21:181-186.
  • 18. Heuschmann PU, Kolominsky-Rabas PL, Roether J, et al. Predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with thrombolytic therapy. JAMA 2004;292:1831-1838.
  • 19. Chong J, Sacco R. Risk factors for stroke, assessing risk, and the mass and high-risk approaches for stroke prevention. In: Gorelick PB, ed. Continuum: Stroke Prevention. Hagerstwon, Maryland: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2005:18-34.
  • 20. Lenti L, Brainin M, Titianova E, et al. Stroke care in Central Eastern Europe: current problems and call for action. Int J Stroke 2013;8:365-371.
  • 21. Lloyd-Jones DM, Wang TJ, Leip EP, et al. Lifetime risk for development of atrial fibrillation: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 2004;110:1042- 1046.
  • 22. Zoni-Berisso M, Lercari F, Carazza T, Domenicucci S. Epidemiology of atrial fibrillation: European perspective. Clin Epidemiol 2014;6:213-220.
  • 23. Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: the Framingham Study. Stroke 1991;22:983-988.
  • 24. Hart RG, Pearce LA, Aguilar MI. Meta-analysis: antithrombotic therapy to prevent stroke in patients who have nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Ann Intern Med 2007;146:857-867.
  • 25. Pagola J, Juega J, Francisco-Pascual J, et al. Large vessel occlusion is independently associated with atrial fibrillation detection. Eur J Neurol 2020;27:1618-1624.
  • 26. Mazya MV, Cooray C, Lees KR, et al. Minor stroke due to large artery occlusion. When is intravenous thrombolysis not enough? Results from the SITS International Stroke Thrombolysis Register. Eur Stroke J 2018;3:29- 38
  • 27. Heldner MR, Jung S, Zubler C, et al. Outcome of patients with occlusions of the internal carotid artery or the main stem of the middle cerebral artery with NIHSS score of less than 5: comparison between thrombolysed and non-thrombolysed patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2015;86:755- 760.
  • 28. Heldner MR, Chaloulos-Iakovidis P, Panos L, et al. Outcome of patients with large vessel occlusion in the anterior circulation and low NIHSS score. J Neurol 2020;267:1651-1662.
  • 29. Seners P, Baron JC. Revisiting 'progressive stroke': incidence, predictors, pathophysiology, and management of unexplained early neurological deterioration following acute ischemic stroke. J Neurol 2018;265:216-225.
  • 30. Eryildiz ES, Özdemir AÖ, Bas DF, Mutlu F. Identifying risk factors for rtpa- related intracerebral hemorrhages in patients with acute stroke. J Neurol Sci 2017;4:301-311.
APA dinç y, Ozpar R, Hakyemez B, Bakar M (2022). Akut İskemik İnmeli Hastalarda Tromboliz Sonrası Erken Nörolojik Kötüleşmenin Risk Faktörlerinin Belirlenmesi. , 176 - 181. 10.4274/tnd.2022.55531
Chicago dinç yasemin,Ozpar Rifat,Hakyemez Bahattin,Bakar Mustafa Akut İskemik İnmeli Hastalarda Tromboliz Sonrası Erken Nörolojik Kötüleşmenin Risk Faktörlerinin Belirlenmesi. (2022): 176 - 181. 10.4274/tnd.2022.55531
MLA dinç yasemin,Ozpar Rifat,Hakyemez Bahattin,Bakar Mustafa Akut İskemik İnmeli Hastalarda Tromboliz Sonrası Erken Nörolojik Kötüleşmenin Risk Faktörlerinin Belirlenmesi. , 2022, ss.176 - 181. 10.4274/tnd.2022.55531
AMA dinç y,Ozpar R,Hakyemez B,Bakar M Akut İskemik İnmeli Hastalarda Tromboliz Sonrası Erken Nörolojik Kötüleşmenin Risk Faktörlerinin Belirlenmesi. . 2022; 176 - 181. 10.4274/tnd.2022.55531
Vancouver dinç y,Ozpar R,Hakyemez B,Bakar M Akut İskemik İnmeli Hastalarda Tromboliz Sonrası Erken Nörolojik Kötüleşmenin Risk Faktörlerinin Belirlenmesi. . 2022; 176 - 181. 10.4274/tnd.2022.55531
IEEE dinç y,Ozpar R,Hakyemez B,Bakar M "Akut İskemik İnmeli Hastalarda Tromboliz Sonrası Erken Nörolojik Kötüleşmenin Risk Faktörlerinin Belirlenmesi." , ss.176 - 181, 2022. 10.4274/tnd.2022.55531
ISNAD dinç, yasemin vd. "Akut İskemik İnmeli Hastalarda Tromboliz Sonrası Erken Nörolojik Kötüleşmenin Risk Faktörlerinin Belirlenmesi". (2022), 176-181. https://doi.org/10.4274/tnd.2022.55531
APA dinç y, Ozpar R, Hakyemez B, Bakar M (2022). Akut İskemik İnmeli Hastalarda Tromboliz Sonrası Erken Nörolojik Kötüleşmenin Risk Faktörlerinin Belirlenmesi. Türk Nöroloji Dergisi, 28(3), 176 - 181. 10.4274/tnd.2022.55531
Chicago dinç yasemin,Ozpar Rifat,Hakyemez Bahattin,Bakar Mustafa Akut İskemik İnmeli Hastalarda Tromboliz Sonrası Erken Nörolojik Kötüleşmenin Risk Faktörlerinin Belirlenmesi. Türk Nöroloji Dergisi 28, no.3 (2022): 176 - 181. 10.4274/tnd.2022.55531
MLA dinç yasemin,Ozpar Rifat,Hakyemez Bahattin,Bakar Mustafa Akut İskemik İnmeli Hastalarda Tromboliz Sonrası Erken Nörolojik Kötüleşmenin Risk Faktörlerinin Belirlenmesi. Türk Nöroloji Dergisi, vol.28, no.3, 2022, ss.176 - 181. 10.4274/tnd.2022.55531
AMA dinç y,Ozpar R,Hakyemez B,Bakar M Akut İskemik İnmeli Hastalarda Tromboliz Sonrası Erken Nörolojik Kötüleşmenin Risk Faktörlerinin Belirlenmesi. Türk Nöroloji Dergisi. 2022; 28(3): 176 - 181. 10.4274/tnd.2022.55531
Vancouver dinç y,Ozpar R,Hakyemez B,Bakar M Akut İskemik İnmeli Hastalarda Tromboliz Sonrası Erken Nörolojik Kötüleşmenin Risk Faktörlerinin Belirlenmesi. Türk Nöroloji Dergisi. 2022; 28(3): 176 - 181. 10.4274/tnd.2022.55531
IEEE dinç y,Ozpar R,Hakyemez B,Bakar M "Akut İskemik İnmeli Hastalarda Tromboliz Sonrası Erken Nörolojik Kötüleşmenin Risk Faktörlerinin Belirlenmesi." Türk Nöroloji Dergisi, 28, ss.176 - 181, 2022. 10.4274/tnd.2022.55531
ISNAD dinç, yasemin vd. "Akut İskemik İnmeli Hastalarda Tromboliz Sonrası Erken Nörolojik Kötüleşmenin Risk Faktörlerinin Belirlenmesi". Türk Nöroloji Dergisi 28/3 (2022), 176-181. https://doi.org/10.4274/tnd.2022.55531