Examining the Relationships between Positive Youth Development and Post-Traumatic Growth in Young People Who Have Experienced Earthquakes

Yıl: 2023 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 18 Sayfa Aralığı: 592 - 605 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.37679/trta.1278289 İndeks Tarihi: 06-06-2023

Examining the Relationships between Positive Youth Development and Post-Traumatic Growth in Young People Who Have Experienced Earthquakes

Öz:
Post-traumatic growth is expressed as a positive change in individuals by remaining psychologically durable under extremely stressful conditions. Therefore, variables that can positively affect post-traumatic growth become important. The study aims to examine the relationships between positive youth development and post-traumatic growth levels in young people who have experienced earthquakes. While designing this research, the quantitative research approach was adopted and the relational survey model was used. The study group the research consists of 347 young people, 261 girls, and 86 boys, who have experienced an earthquake. In this study, we used the criterion sampling method, one of the non-probability online methods. "Positive youth development scale", "Post-traumatic growth inventory" and "Personal Information form" were used as data collection tools in the research. According to the results of the study, a moderate and positive correlation value was found between positive youth development and post-traumatic growth (r = .547, p <.01). As a result of the path analysis conducted to reveal the predictive relationships between positive youth development and post-traumatic growth; It has been determined that the positive developmental characteristics of young people who have experienced earthquakes explain post-traumatic growth positively and at a value of 45%. Considering the findings from the study, it was concluded that positive youth development characteristics were an important factor in increasing post-traumatic growth and development.
Anahtar Kelime: Young people positive youth development earthquake post-traumatic growth path analysis

Deprem Yaşamış Gençlerde Pozitif Genç Gelişim Özellikleri ve Travma Sonrası Büyüme Arasındaki İlişkilerin İncelenmesi

Öz:
Travma sonrası büyüme, bireylerin aşırı stresli koşullar altında psikolojik olarak sağlam kalarak olumlu yönde değişim olarak ifade edilmektedir. Bu yüzden travma sonrası büyümeyi olumlu yönde etkileyebilecek değişkenler önemli hale gelmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı deprem yaşamış gençlerde pozitif gelişim özellikleri ile travma sonrası büyüme düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkileri incelemektir. Bu araştırma tasarlanırken nicel araştırma yaklaşımı benimsenmiş ve ilişkisel araştırma modelinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu deprem yaşamış 261’i kız 86’sı erkek olmak üzere toplam 347 genç oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama sürecinde olasılıksız çevrimiçi örnekleme yöntemlerinden ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak “Pozitif genç gelişim ölçeği”, “Travma sonrası büyüme envanteri” ve “Kişisel bilgi formu” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre pozitif genç gelişimi ve travma sonrası büyüme arasında pozitif yönde ve orta düzeyde bir korelasyon değeri bulunmuştur (r = .547, p <.01). Pozitif genç gelişimi ve travma sonrası büyüme arasındaki yordayıcı ilişkileri ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılan yol analizi sonucunda; deprem yaşamış gençlerdeki pozitif gelişim özelliklerinin travma sonrası büyümeyi pozitif yönde ve % 45 değerinde açıkladığı tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular dikkate alındığında sonuç olarak, pozitif genç gelişim özelliklerinin travma sonrası büyüme ve gelişimi artırmada önemli bir faktör olduğu söylenebilir.
Anahtar Kelime: Gençler Pozitif Genç Gelişimi Deprem Travma Sonrası Büyüme Yol Analizi

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • Augustine, J. (2014). Predictors of Posttraumatic Growth Among Adult Tsunami Survivors: The Role of Employment, Religion, and Family Attributes. Journal of Social Service Research, 40:4, 491-507, doi: 10.1080/01488376.2014.894368
  • Bar-Haim, Y., Lamy, D., Pergamin, L., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., and van Ijzendoorn, M. H. (2007). Threat-related attentional bias in anxious and non-anxious indi viduals: a meta-analytic study. Psychol. Bull. 133, 1–24. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.1
  • Başoǧlu, M., Kiliç, C., Şalcioǧlu, E., & Livanou, M. (2004). Prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder and comorbid depression in earthquake survivors in Turkey: an epidemiological study. Journal of Traumatic Stress: Official Publication of The International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, 17(2), 133-141. doi:10.1023/B:JOTS.0000022619.31615.e8
  • Benson, P. L., Scales, P. C., Hamilton, S. F., & Sesma, A. (2006). Positive youth development: Theory, research, and applications. (pp. 894–941. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Bilici, R., Tufan, E., Turhan, L., Uğurlu, G. K., Tan, S. & Kaşan, T. (2013). Deprem Sonrasında Bireylerin Anksiyete Düzeyleri ve Etkileyen Faktörler: Elazığ Merkezli Bir Ön Çalışma. Fırat Tıp Dergisi, 18 (1), 15-19. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/firattip/issue/6342/84593
  • Bolat, T., Bolat, O. İ., & Taştan, S. (2020). Örgütsel destek, sosyal bağlılık ve dünyaya ilişkin varsayımların travma sonrası büyüme üzerindeki etkisinde acının dönüştürücü gücünün rolü: Pozitif psikoloji bağlamında bir değerlendirme. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 22(1), 361-402. doi: 10.16953/deusosbil.554080
  • Breslau, J. (2004). Introduction: Cultures of trauma: Anthropological views of posttraumatic stress disorder in international health. Culture, Medicine and Psychi atry, 28(2), 113.doi: 10.1023/B:MEDI.0000034421.07612.c8
  • Calhoun, L. G. & Tedeschi, R. G. (2006). The foundations of posttraumatic growth: An expanded framework. In L. G. Calhoun & R. G. Tedeschi (Eds.), The handbook of posttraumatic growth: Research and Practice (pp. 1-23). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Calhoun, L. G., Cann, A., Tedeschi, R. G. & McMillan, J. (2000). A correlational test of the relationship between posttraumatic growth, religion, and cognitive processing. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 13(3), 521– 527. doi:10.1023/a:1007745627077
  • Casali, N., Feraco, T., & Meneghetti, C. (2021). Character strengths sustain mental health and post-traumatic growth during the COVID-19 pandemic. A longitudinal analysis. Psychology & Health, 1-17. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2021.1952587
  • Creswell, J. W. (2011). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating. Quantitative and Qualitative Research (4th ed.). NJ: Pearson Press.
  • Donovan, N. (2022). Peer support facilitates post-traumatic growth in first responders: A lite rature review. Trauma, 24(4), 277-285. doi: 10.1177/14604086221
  • Dou, J., Liu, C., Xiong, R., Zhou, H., Lu, G., & Jia, L. (2022). Empathy and Post-Traumatic Growth among Chinese Community Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Roles of Self-Disclosure and Social Support. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(23), 15739. doi: 10.3390/ ijerph192315739
  • Fricker, R. D. (2008). Sampling methods for web and e-mail surveys. In N.G. Fielding, R.M. Lee & G. Blank (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of online research methods, (pp. 195–216). London: Sage
  • Geldhof, G. J., Bowers, E. P., Boyd, M. J., Mueller, M. K., Napolitano, C. M., Schmid, K. L., & Lerner, R. M. (2014). Creation of short and very short measures of the five Cs of positive youth development. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 24(1), 163–176. doi: 10.1111/jora.12039
  • Gomez-Baya, D., de Matos, M.G., Wiium, N. (2021). Positive Youth Development and Subjective Happiness: Examining the Mediating Role of Gratitude and Opti mism in Spanish Emerging Adults. In: Dimitrova, R., Wiium, N. (eds) Handbook of Positive Youth Development. Springer Series on Child and Family Studies. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70262-5_13
  • Hammer, C., Podlog, L., Wadey, R., Galli, N., Forber-Pratt, A. J., Newton, M., ... & Greviskes, L. (2019). Understanding posttraumatic growth of paratriathletes with acquired disability. Disability and Rehabilitation, 41(6), 674-682. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1402961
  • Hu, L. T. ve Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structural analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives, Structural Equation Modelling, 6(1), 1-55. doi: 10.1080/10705519909540118
  • Jelicic, H., Bobek, D. L., Phelps, E., Lerner, R. M., ve Lerner, J. V. (2007). Using positive youth development to predict contribution and risk behaviors in early adolescence: Findings from the first two waves of the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 31(3), 263-273. doi: 10.1177/0165025407076439
  • Kağan, M., Güleç, M., Boysan, M., & Çavuș, H. (2012). Hierarchical factor structure of the Turkish version of the posttraumatic growth inventory in a normal population. Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri, Koruyucu Hekimlik Bülteni, 11(5), 617-624. Retrieved from: https://eds.p.ebscohost.com/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?-vid=0&sid=ca4e9921-a2d4-4fb9-9200-12c2ba2f6f6b%40redis
  • Kılıç, C. (2003). Deprem Sonrası Görülen Ruhsal Sorunların Saptanması ve Tedavisi İçin Geliştirilen Bir Projeyle İlgili Deneyimler. Kriz Dergisi, 11(1), 5-12. doi: 10.1501/Kriz_0000000186
  • Lai, L., Ren, Z., Yan, Y., Niu, G., Zhao, C., Luo, M., & Zhang, L. (2021). The double-edged-sword effect of empathy: The secondary traumatic stress and vicari ous posttraumatic growth of psychological hotline counselors during the outbreak of COVID-19. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 53(9), 992-1002. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2021.00992
  • Lerner, R. M., Lerner, J. V., Almerigi, J. B., Theokas, C., Phelps, E., Gestsdottir, S., ... & Smith, L. M. (2005). Positive youth development, participation in community youth development programs, and community contributions of fifth-grade adolescents: Findings from the first wave of the 4-H study of positive youth development. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 25(1), 17–71. doi: 10.1177/0272431604272461
  • Marthoenis, M., Ilyas, A., Sofyan, H., & Schouler-Ocak, M. (2019). Prevalence, comor bidity and predictors of post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety in adolescents following an earthquake. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 43, 154-159. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2019.05.030
  • McMillan, J. H. & Schumacher, S. (2006). Research in education: Evidence-based inquiry (6th ed.). New York: Pearson
  • Onyeka, O., Richards, M., Tyson McCrea, K., Miller, K., Matthews, C., Donnelly, W., Sarna, V., Kessler, J., & Swint, K. (2022). The role of positive youth development on mental health for youth of color living in high-stress communities: A strengths-based approach. Psychological Services, 19(Suppl 1), 72–83. https://doi.org/10.1037/ser0000593
  • Özdoğan, A. Ç., Yalçın, R. Ü., Haspolat, N. K. & Çelik, O. (2023). The Mediating Role of Loneliness in the Relation Between Preference for Solitude, Social Competence, Self-Esteem and Depression in Emerging Adults. Ahmet Keleşoğlu Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 5 (1), 29-48. Doi: 10.38151/akef.2023.43
  • Peterson, C., Park, N., Pole, N., D'Andrea, W., & Seligman, M. E. (2008). Strengths of character and posttraumatic growth. Journal of Traumatic Stress: Official Publication of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, 21(2), 214-217. doi: 10.1002/jts.20332
  • Priebe, S., Grappasonni, I., Mari, M., Dewey, M., Petrelli, F., & Costa, A. (2009). Posttraumatic stress disorder six months after an earthquake: findings from a community sample in a rural region in Italy. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 44, 393-397. doi: 10.1007/s00127-008-0441-y
  • Ramos, C. ve Leal, I. (2013). Posttraumatic growth in the aftermath of trauma: a literature review about related factors and application contexts. Psychology, Community & Health, 2(1):43–54, doi:10.5964/pch.v2i1.39
  • Rachel C. F. Sun, ve Daniel T. L. Shek. (2012). Positive youth development, life satisfaction and problem behaviour among Chinese adolescents in hong kong: A replication. Social Indicators Research, 105(3), 541-559. doi:10.1007/s11205-011-9786-9
  • Schmid, K. L., Phelps, E., & Lerner, R. M. (2011). Constructing positive futures: Modeling the relationship between adolescents' hopeful future expectations and intentional self-regulation in predicting positive youth development. Journal of Adolescence, 34(6), 1127–1135. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2011.07.009
  • Shek, D. T., Dou, D., Zhu, X., & Chai, W. (2019). Positive youth development: current perspectives. Adolescent Health, Medicine and Therapeutics, 10, 131-141. doi: 10.2147/AHMT.S179946
  • Spialek, M. L., Houston, J. B., & Worley, K. C. (2019). Disaster communication, posttraumatic stress, and posttraumatic growth following Hurricane Matthew. Journal of health communication, 24(1), 65-74. doi: 10.1080/10810730.2019.1574319
  • Şahin, M. (2019). Korku, Kaygı ve Kaygı (Anksiyete) Bozuklukları. Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6 (10), 117-135. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/asead/issue/50855/663245
  • Taku, K. Cann, A. Calhoun, L.G., Tedeschi, R.G. (2008). The factor structure of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory: A comparison of five models using confirmatory factor analysis. J Trauma Stress. 21(2): 158-164. doi: 10.1002/jts.20305
  • Tanhan, F. & Kardaş, F. (2014). Van Depremini Yaşayan Ortaöğretim Öğrencilerinin Travmadan Etkilenme ve Umutsuzluk Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi. Sakarya University Journal of Education, 4 (1) , 102-115 . doi: 10.19126/suje.52552
  • Taşçı, G. A., & Özsoy, F. (2021). Deprem travmasının erken dönem psikolojik etkileri ve olası risk faktörleri. Cukurova Medical Journal, 46(2), 488-494. doi: 10.17826/cumj.841197
  • Tedeschi, R. G., Park, C. L., & Calhoun, L. G. (1998). Posttraumatic growth: Conceptu al issues. In Posttraumatic growth (pp. 9-30). New York: Routledge. doi: 10.4324/9781410603401
  • Teke, E. & Avşaroğlu, S. (2021). Türkiye’de Travma Sonrası Stres ve Büyüme Konusunda Gerçekleştirilmiş Olan Çalışmaların İncelenmesi. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 18 (43), 6980-7004. Doi: 10.26466/opus.960263
  • Van der Kolk, B. A. (2003). Psychological trauma. (pp. 1-31). London: American Psychiatric Pub.
  • Yalçın, R. U. (2021). An investigation of positive youth development in adolescents regar ding individual and school-related factors. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Ankara University.
  • Yalçın, R. U. (2022). Çocukların ve Ergenlerin Gelişimin Sürecindeki Önleyici Çalışmalarda Bireysel ve Okul ile İlgili Faktörleri Anlamak. In S. Aslan (Ed.), Önleyici Rehberlik (pp. 161-184). Nobel akademik Yayıncılık: An
APA YALÇIN R (2023). Examining the Relationships between Positive Youth Development and Post-Traumatic Growth in Young People Who Have Experienced Earthquakes. , 592 - 605. 10.37679/trta.1278289
Chicago YALÇIN Ragıp Ümit Examining the Relationships between Positive Youth Development and Post-Traumatic Growth in Young People Who Have Experienced Earthquakes. (2023): 592 - 605. 10.37679/trta.1278289
MLA YALÇIN Ragıp Ümit Examining the Relationships between Positive Youth Development and Post-Traumatic Growth in Young People Who Have Experienced Earthquakes. , 2023, ss.592 - 605. 10.37679/trta.1278289
AMA YALÇIN R Examining the Relationships between Positive Youth Development and Post-Traumatic Growth in Young People Who Have Experienced Earthquakes. . 2023; 592 - 605. 10.37679/trta.1278289
Vancouver YALÇIN R Examining the Relationships between Positive Youth Development and Post-Traumatic Growth in Young People Who Have Experienced Earthquakes. . 2023; 592 - 605. 10.37679/trta.1278289
IEEE YALÇIN R "Examining the Relationships between Positive Youth Development and Post-Traumatic Growth in Young People Who Have Experienced Earthquakes." , ss.592 - 605, 2023. 10.37679/trta.1278289
ISNAD YALÇIN, Ragıp Ümit. "Examining the Relationships between Positive Youth Development and Post-Traumatic Growth in Young People Who Have Experienced Earthquakes". (2023), 592-605. https://doi.org/10.37679/trta.1278289
APA YALÇIN R (2023). Examining the Relationships between Positive Youth Development and Post-Traumatic Growth in Young People Who Have Experienced Earthquakes. TRT Akademi, 8(18), 592 - 605. 10.37679/trta.1278289
Chicago YALÇIN Ragıp Ümit Examining the Relationships between Positive Youth Development and Post-Traumatic Growth in Young People Who Have Experienced Earthquakes. TRT Akademi 8, no.18 (2023): 592 - 605. 10.37679/trta.1278289
MLA YALÇIN Ragıp Ümit Examining the Relationships between Positive Youth Development and Post-Traumatic Growth in Young People Who Have Experienced Earthquakes. TRT Akademi, vol.8, no.18, 2023, ss.592 - 605. 10.37679/trta.1278289
AMA YALÇIN R Examining the Relationships between Positive Youth Development and Post-Traumatic Growth in Young People Who Have Experienced Earthquakes. TRT Akademi. 2023; 8(18): 592 - 605. 10.37679/trta.1278289
Vancouver YALÇIN R Examining the Relationships between Positive Youth Development and Post-Traumatic Growth in Young People Who Have Experienced Earthquakes. TRT Akademi. 2023; 8(18): 592 - 605. 10.37679/trta.1278289
IEEE YALÇIN R "Examining the Relationships between Positive Youth Development and Post-Traumatic Growth in Young People Who Have Experienced Earthquakes." TRT Akademi, 8, ss.592 - 605, 2023. 10.37679/trta.1278289
ISNAD YALÇIN, Ragıp Ümit. "Examining the Relationships between Positive Youth Development and Post-Traumatic Growth in Young People Who Have Experienced Earthquakes". TRT Akademi 8/18 (2023), 592-605. https://doi.org/10.37679/trta.1278289