With the beginning of the attempts of theorizing on Kemalist Revolution in the early 1930s, different versions of Kemalism have begun to compete as legitimate representations of the Turkish experience with modernity. A new republican conservative interpretation that rejected the dominant version of Kemalism, which was seen as a late-Enligtenment project, has emerged in this period. The republican conservative understanding has conceptualized Kemalism within the horizons of a new vision of modernity and with reference to the themes and motives derived from the spiritualist, romanticist and historicist traditions that revived the concept of Other West. In this framework, this study explores the politico-philosophical roots of the republican conservative vision of modernity that has been further politicized by the triumph of the right-wing politics of modernism during the multi-party period.