In Western and Islamic cultures, music has not only been transformed into a 'ready to hand' object which has a use-value for certain pre-determined purposes, but also as a way creating a high-level aesthetic-artistic space for human existence in the world. In this article, we will first make a theoretical analysis of the music that gains new dimensions in the context of events such as propaganda, censorship, slavery, war, resistance to political oppression, domination and control in popular culture. After that, we will discuss historical-sociological analyzes of music-power relation in Ottoman State, Turkish Republic and its post-1950 period. Especially it is possible to say that –despite differences - music is considered as a part of modernization or as an impetus in the experience of modernization of the Ottoman and Republican era of Turkish culture. Music in the post-1950 period of Turkish culture seems to have continued its relationship with power concerning that it is produced in a different form from a partially modernized environment. According to this, the relationship between music and power does not mean a music practice that is only directed or targeted by the state. At the same time, the mentioned relationship seems to be the way for transforming the society by leading to the formation of a perspective, namely consciousness or value judgment towards music.