The right to examine prosecution witnesses is an important requirement of a fair trial. A closer look at the case law of the European Human Rights Court, domestic law and jurisprudence of the Court of Cassation and Constitutional Court shows that this right of the defendant is anchored at many levels. However, the scope of this right faces not only in its corresponding international and domestic framework, but also in the case law of higher Courts considerable uncertainties. In order to overcome these uncertainties, this article illustrates the general structure of the right to examine prosecution witnesses and critically analyzes the respective provisions and case law. In particular, it focuses on the examination of the so-called endangered prosecution witnesses who testify against the defendant anonymously.