Yıl: 2020 Cilt: 0 Sayı: 14 Sayfa Aralığı: 201 - 217 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 05-06-2021

Ahlaki Statü Kavramı ve Teorileri

Öz:
Ahlaki statüye (ahlaki konuma veya ahlaki öneme) sahip olmak, ahlaki faillerin ahlaki yükümlülüklere sahip olduğu veya sahipolabileceği bir varlık olmaktır. Ahlaki statüye sahip varlıklar belirli ahlaki haklara sahiptirler; onlara ahlaken yanlışlık yapılabilir.Kavram, 1970’lerdeki tıbbi etik, hayvan etiği ve çevre etiğiyle ilgili uygulamalı etik tartışmalarından doğmuştur. Sonrasında o,başta biyoetik olmak üzere uygulamalı etiğin tartışmalarında önem taşımaya devam etmiştir. Hangi varlıkların, hangi gerekçelerleahlaki statüye sahip olduğu konusunda, ahlaki faillik teorisi, genetik insanlık teorisi, hissedebilirlik teorisi, organik hayatteorisi, biyososyal teori vb. gibi birçok ahlaki statü teorisi ileri sürülmüştür. Bu çalışmada, ahlaki statü kavramını ve teorileriniinceleyeceğiz. Bunun için çalışmayı üç bölüme ayıracağız. İlk bölümde ahlaki statü kavramının tanımını, ortaya çıkışını veönemini inceleyeceğiz. Daha sonraki bölümde ahlaki statü teorilerini, düzeyli ile düzeyli olmayan, dereceli ile dereceli olmayan vetek-kriterli ile çok-kriterli olarak sınıflandırarak inceleyeceğiz. Son bölümdeyse, bu türleri karşılaştırarak değerlendirmeye çalışacağız.Bu değerlendirme sonucunda, dereceli ahlaki statü teorilerinin, dereceli olmayan ahlaki statü teorilerine göre daha makulgibi göründüğünü iddia edeceğiz.
Anahtar Kelime:

The Concept and Theories of Moral Status

Öz:
To have moral status (moral standing or moral consideration) is to be an entity toward which moral agents have or can have moral obligations. Beings of moral status have certain moral rights; morally wrong can be done to them. The concept has emerged from applied ethics discussions about medical ethics, animal ethics, and environmental ethics in the 1970s. Subsequently it continued to be important in discussions of applied ethics, particularly bioethics. Many moral status theories such as the moral agency theory, the genetic humanity theory, the sentience theory, the organic life theory, the biosocial theory, etc. have been put forward as to which entities have moral status on what grounds. In this paper, we will examine the concept and theories of moral status. For this, we will divide the study into three parts. In the first part, we will examine the definition, emergence and importance of the concept of moral status. In the next section, we will examine the theories of moral status by categorizing them into graded and non-graded, degreed and non-degreed, and uni-criterial and multi-criterial. In the last part, we will try to evaluate these types by comparing them. As a result of this assessment, we will argue that degreed theories of moral status seem more plausible than non-degreed theories of moral status.
Anahtar Kelime:

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APA OMAY N (2020). Ahlaki Statü Kavramı ve Teorileri. , 201 - 217.
Chicago OMAY NECATI MURAD Ahlaki Statü Kavramı ve Teorileri. (2020): 201 - 217.
MLA OMAY NECATI MURAD Ahlaki Statü Kavramı ve Teorileri. , 2020, ss.201 - 217.
AMA OMAY N Ahlaki Statü Kavramı ve Teorileri. . 2020; 201 - 217.
Vancouver OMAY N Ahlaki Statü Kavramı ve Teorileri. . 2020; 201 - 217.
IEEE OMAY N "Ahlaki Statü Kavramı ve Teorileri." , ss.201 - 217, 2020.
ISNAD OMAY, NECATI MURAD. "Ahlaki Statü Kavramı ve Teorileri". (2020), 201-217.
APA OMAY N (2020). Ahlaki Statü Kavramı ve Teorileri. Temaşa Erciyes Üniversitesi Felsefe Bölümü Dergisi, 0(14), 201 - 217.
Chicago OMAY NECATI MURAD Ahlaki Statü Kavramı ve Teorileri. Temaşa Erciyes Üniversitesi Felsefe Bölümü Dergisi 0, no.14 (2020): 201 - 217.
MLA OMAY NECATI MURAD Ahlaki Statü Kavramı ve Teorileri. Temaşa Erciyes Üniversitesi Felsefe Bölümü Dergisi, vol.0, no.14, 2020, ss.201 - 217.
AMA OMAY N Ahlaki Statü Kavramı ve Teorileri. Temaşa Erciyes Üniversitesi Felsefe Bölümü Dergisi. 2020; 0(14): 201 - 217.
Vancouver OMAY N Ahlaki Statü Kavramı ve Teorileri. Temaşa Erciyes Üniversitesi Felsefe Bölümü Dergisi. 2020; 0(14): 201 - 217.
IEEE OMAY N "Ahlaki Statü Kavramı ve Teorileri." Temaşa Erciyes Üniversitesi Felsefe Bölümü Dergisi, 0, ss.201 - 217, 2020.
ISNAD OMAY, NECATI MURAD. "Ahlaki Statü Kavramı ve Teorileri". Temaşa Erciyes Üniversitesi Felsefe Bölümü Dergisi 14 (2020), 201-217.