Objective: Theaim of this study wasto investigate the changes in certain oxidative stress and antioxidant system parameters in response to acute exhaustive exercise (AEE) applied to diabetes-induced rats. Methods: 16 male Wistar rats were divided diabetes (n=8) and control (n=8) groups. For diabetes induction, 65 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ) administered to rats intra-peritoneally. On the fourth day of STZ administiration, blood glucose level was measured and level of above 180 mg/dL was considered as diabetes mellitus (DM). AEE procedure was applied to rats within the same day that they were considered as diabetes. After the exercise protocol, blood samples were collected for biochemical analyses and serum samples were obtained by centrifugation. 3-nitrotyrosine, LPx, protein carbonyl, SOD and GSH, GSH-Px levels were analyzed by using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: After the exercise, both groups had decreased blood glucose levels compared to pre-exercise levels. There was a significant increase in lactate levels of both groups, compared to pre-exercise levels. In terms of distance run, control group ran approximately two times more distance than the diabetes group. When we compared oxidative stress parameters; Lipid peroxide, 3-nitrotyrosine, and protein carbonyl levels were significantly higher in the diabetes group. Antioxidant parameters; glutathione and glutathione peroxidase were significantly higher in the diabetes group. As for superoxide dismutase levels, it was slightly decreased in the diabetes group, but did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: AEE triggers both oxidant and antioxidant systems in diabetic rats.