This paper aims to analyze the short and long-term asymmetric and non-linear effects of the real effective exchange rate and selected macroeconomic indicators on exports and foreign trade balance using the nonlinear auto-regressive distributed lag model (NARDL) by monthly data covering 2013:01-2020:05 period for Turkey. According to the findings, positive real exchange rate shocks (real appreciation of TL) lead exports to increase to some extent in a very short period and to decrease in the following periods. On the other hand, negative real exchange rate shocks (real depreciation of TL) cause exports to increase gradually. Furthermore, there are an asymmetrical relationship between exports intermediate goods imports and EU income level with exports. As for the foreign trade balance, the findings are as follows: positive real exchange rate shock (TL appreciation) causes an improvement in the first three months and then a breakdown in the trade balance, while negative real exchange rate shock (real depreciation of TL) leads a gradual improvement in the foreign trade balance. However, it is evidenced that the reaction of the foreign trade balance to the depreciation of the TL in the long term is twice stronger than the reaction to the appreciation of the TL. In addition, while there is a negative directional symmetrical relationship between foreign trade balance and industrial production index, there is a positive directional asymmetric relationship with terms of trade. Nevertheless, the reaction of the foreign trade balance towards a change in the terms of trade against Turkey is more than the reaction to the case of a change in favor. The EU growth rate is a weak determiner of the trade balance.