Preclinical Study on the Hepatoprotective Effect of Pollen Extract of Pinus brutia Ten. (Red Pine) in Mice and Phenolic Acid Analysis
Yıl: 2021 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 3 Sayfa Aralığı: 79 - 84 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.47154 İndeks Tarihi: 15-01-2022
Preclinical Study on the Hepatoprotective Effect of Pollen Extract of Pinus brutia Ten. (Red Pine) in Mice and Phenolic Acid Analysis
Öz: Objectives: Many agents, including those from herbal sources, have been sought as preventives or cures for hepatotoxicity. The pollen of Pinus brutia Ten., known as red pine (Pinaceae), is used against liver diseases in Anatolian folk medicine. Materials and Methods: In the current study, pollen ethanol extract of P. brutia was investigated for its possible hepatoprotective activity using a mouse model of CCl4 -induced hepatotoxicity. Swiss albino mice were divided into five groups, and extract-treated groups were compared with a silymarin-treated group as the reference. The extract was tested at 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg (b.w.). Phenolic acids were analyzed using highperformance column chromatography (HPLC) in the extracts as pollens are usually known to be rich in phenolics. Results: Our data revealed that the extract displayed the best hepatoprotection at a dose of 100 mg/kg when compared with silymarin (Legalon®), the reference drug. HPLC analysis indicated presence of protocatechuic acid (0.176 mg/g extract), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (0.001 mg/g extract), vanillic acid (VA) (0.537 mg/g extract), syringic acid (0.050 mg/g extract), and tr-cinnamic acid (0.310 mg/g extract), while the major phenolic acid was VA. Conclusion: The outcomes of this study allow us to conclude that red pine pollen extract can serve as a promising hepatoprotective agent. Among the phenolic acids analyzed in the pollen extract, vanillic acid as the major one besides some other phenolic acids detected seems to be responsible for its remarkable hepatoprotective effect.
Anahtar Kelime: Pinus brutia Ten. (Kızılçam) Polen Ekstresinin Karaciğer Koruyucu Etkisinin Preklinik Olarak Araştırılması ve Fenolik Asit Analizleri
Öz: Amaç: Hepatotoksisiteyi önlemek veya iyileştirmek için bitkisel kaynaklar dahil olmak üzere birçok bileşik araştırılmaktadır. Kızılçam olarak bilinen Pinus brutia Ten. bitkisinin polenleri Anadolu’da halk arasında karaciğer rahatsızlıklarında kullanılmaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada, P. brutia polen ekstresinin farelerde CCl4ile indüklenen hepatotoksisite modeli üzerindeki muhtemel hepatoprotektif etkisi araştırılmıştır. Swiss albino fareler 5 gruba ayrılmış ve ekstrakt uygulanan gruplar referans olarak silimarin (Legalon®) kullanılan grup ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Ekstreler 100, 200 ve 300 mg/kg (v.a.) konsantrasyonlarında çalışılmıştır. Polenlerin genellikle fenolik açıdan zengin olduğu bilindiğinden, ekstrede bulunan fenolik asitler yüksek performanslı sıvı kromatografisi (HPLC) kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Sonuç olarak, ekstrenin referans ilaç olan silimarin (Legalon®) ile karşılaştırıldığında, en etkin hepatoprotektif etkiyi 100 mg/kg’lik dozda gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. HPLC analizi ekstrede protokateşik asit (0,176 mg/g ekstre), p-hidroksibenzoik asit (0,001 mg/g ekstre), vanilik asit (VA) (0,537 mg/g ekstre), siringik asit (0,050 mg/g ekstre), ve tr-sinnamik asit (0,310 mg/g ekstre) bulunduğunu, en yüksek miktardaki fenolik asidin ise VA olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Sonuç: Çalışmamız neticesinde, kızılçam polen ekstresinin umut verici bir hepatoprotektif ajan olarak kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. Polen ekstresinde analiz edilen fenolik asitler arasında, majör olan vanilik asidin yanı sıra bazı diğer fenolik asitlerin ekstrenin gösterdiği hepatoprotektif etkiden sorumlu olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Anahtar Kelime: Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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| APA | Gök H, GUL H, Gulfraz M, ASAD M, Öztürk N, Şanal F (2021). Preclinical Study on the Hepatoprotective Effect of Pollen Extract of Pinus brutia Ten. (Red Pine) in Mice and Phenolic Acid Analysis. , 79 - 84. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.47154 |
| Chicago | Gök Hasya Nazlı,GUL HINA,Gulfraz Muhammad,ASAD MUHAMMAD JAVAID,Öztürk Nilgün,Şanal Fuat Preclinical Study on the Hepatoprotective Effect of Pollen Extract of Pinus brutia Ten. (Red Pine) in Mice and Phenolic Acid Analysis. (2021): 79 - 84. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.47154 |
| MLA | Gök Hasya Nazlı,GUL HINA,Gulfraz Muhammad,ASAD MUHAMMAD JAVAID,Öztürk Nilgün,Şanal Fuat Preclinical Study on the Hepatoprotective Effect of Pollen Extract of Pinus brutia Ten. (Red Pine) in Mice and Phenolic Acid Analysis. , 2021, ss.79 - 84. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.47154 |
| AMA | Gök H,GUL H,Gulfraz M,ASAD M,Öztürk N,Şanal F Preclinical Study on the Hepatoprotective Effect of Pollen Extract of Pinus brutia Ten. (Red Pine) in Mice and Phenolic Acid Analysis. . 2021; 79 - 84. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.47154 |
| Vancouver | Gök H,GUL H,Gulfraz M,ASAD M,Öztürk N,Şanal F Preclinical Study on the Hepatoprotective Effect of Pollen Extract of Pinus brutia Ten. (Red Pine) in Mice and Phenolic Acid Analysis. . 2021; 79 - 84. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.47154 |
| IEEE | Gök H,GUL H,Gulfraz M,ASAD M,Öztürk N,Şanal F "Preclinical Study on the Hepatoprotective Effect of Pollen Extract of Pinus brutia Ten. (Red Pine) in Mice and Phenolic Acid Analysis." , ss.79 - 84, 2021. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.47154 |
| ISNAD | Gök, Hasya Nazlı vd. "Preclinical Study on the Hepatoprotective Effect of Pollen Extract of Pinus brutia Ten. (Red Pine) in Mice and Phenolic Acid Analysis". (2021), 79-84. https://doi.org/10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.47154 |
| APA | Gök H, GUL H, Gulfraz M, ASAD M, Öztürk N, Şanal F (2021). Preclinical Study on the Hepatoprotective Effect of Pollen Extract of Pinus brutia Ten. (Red Pine) in Mice and Phenolic Acid Analysis. Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 18(3), 79 - 84. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.47154 |
| Chicago | Gök Hasya Nazlı,GUL HINA,Gulfraz Muhammad,ASAD MUHAMMAD JAVAID,Öztürk Nilgün,Şanal Fuat Preclinical Study on the Hepatoprotective Effect of Pollen Extract of Pinus brutia Ten. (Red Pine) in Mice and Phenolic Acid Analysis. Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 18, no.3 (2021): 79 - 84. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.47154 |
| MLA | Gök Hasya Nazlı,GUL HINA,Gulfraz Muhammad,ASAD MUHAMMAD JAVAID,Öztürk Nilgün,Şanal Fuat Preclinical Study on the Hepatoprotective Effect of Pollen Extract of Pinus brutia Ten. (Red Pine) in Mice and Phenolic Acid Analysis. Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol.18, no.3, 2021, ss.79 - 84. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.47154 |
| AMA | Gök H,GUL H,Gulfraz M,ASAD M,Öztürk N,Şanal F Preclinical Study on the Hepatoprotective Effect of Pollen Extract of Pinus brutia Ten. (Red Pine) in Mice and Phenolic Acid Analysis. Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2021; 18(3): 79 - 84. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.47154 |
| Vancouver | Gök H,GUL H,Gulfraz M,ASAD M,Öztürk N,Şanal F Preclinical Study on the Hepatoprotective Effect of Pollen Extract of Pinus brutia Ten. (Red Pine) in Mice and Phenolic Acid Analysis. Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2021; 18(3): 79 - 84. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.47154 |
| IEEE | Gök H,GUL H,Gulfraz M,ASAD M,Öztürk N,Şanal F "Preclinical Study on the Hepatoprotective Effect of Pollen Extract of Pinus brutia Ten. (Red Pine) in Mice and Phenolic Acid Analysis." Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 18, ss.79 - 84, 2021. 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.47154 |
| ISNAD | Gök, Hasya Nazlı vd. "Preclinical Study on the Hepatoprotective Effect of Pollen Extract of Pinus brutia Ten. (Red Pine) in Mice and Phenolic Acid Analysis". Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 18/3 (2021), 79-84. https://doi.org/10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.47154 |
