Effect of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of pea (Pisum sativum L.)
Yıl: 2005 Cilt: 29 Sayı: 4 Sayfa Aralığı: 237 - 242 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022
Effect of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of pea (Pisum sativum L.)
Öz: Sodyum klorür ve PEG 6000 (polyethylene glycole 6000) kullanılarak -2, -4, -6 ve -8 bar su tutma gücüne sahip solüsyonlarda tuz ve kuraklığın üç bezelye çeşidinin (Bolero, Sprinter ve Utrillo) çimlenme ve fide gelişimi üzerine etkileri incelemiştir. Sodyum klorür solüsyonlarının elektriksel iletkenlik (EC) değerleri 4.5, 8.8,12.7 ve 16.3 dS m"'olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada, çimlenme yüzdesi, ortalama çimlenme zamanı, kök ve sürgün uzunluğu, fide yaş ve kuru ağırlıkları incelenmiştir. Araştırmada amaç, tuz ve kuraklık stresleri bakımından bezelye çeşitleri arasındaki farklılık ile tohumların tuzun toksik etkisi veya NaCl tarafından oluşturulan osmotik potansiyel nedeniyle çimlenip çimlenmediğini belirlemektir. Sonuçlar, hem tuz hem de kuraklık stresi bakımından çeşitler arasında farklılık olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Sprinter kurak şartlarda daha iyi sonuçlar vermesine rağmen, Bolero tuz stresine daha toleranslı görünmüştür. Sodyum klorür ve PEG solüsyonları çeşitlerin fide gelişimini engellemiş ancak, NaCl' nin etkisi PEG' den daha az olmuştur. Üç çeşitte de tüm NaCl seviyelerinde çimlenmede önemli bir azalma olmazken, -6 bar PEG solüsyonunda çimlenme düşmüştür. Aynı su tutma gücüne sahip NaCl ve PEG solüsyonlarında çimlenmenin azalması tuzun toksik etkisinden çok oluşturduğu osmotik etkiden kaynaklandığı sonucuna varılabilir.
Anahtar Kelime: Konular:
Tuz ve kuraklık stresinin bezelye' nin (Pisum sativum L.) çimlenme ve fide gelişimi üzerine etkileri
Öz: The effects of salt and drought stresses at the water potentials of -2, -4, -6 and -8 bars induced by NaCl and PEG 6000 (polyethylene glycol 6000) each, on germination and early seedling growth, were investigated for 3 pea cultivars (Bolero, Sprinter and Utrillo). Electrical conductivity (EC) values of the NaCl solutions were 4.5, 8.8, 12.7 and 16.3 dS $m^{-1}$. Germination percentage, mean germination time, root and shoot length, and seedling fresh and dry weight were measured in the study. The objective was to determine genotypic differences among pea cultivars in terms of salt and drought stress and to determine factors (salt toxicity or osmotic stress due to PEG) inhibiting seed germination. The germination results revealed that the genotypes significantly differed for salt and drought stress. Bolero appeared to be more tolerant to salt stress, but Sprinter cv. gave higher values under drought stress. Both NaCl and PEG inhibited germination and seedling growth in all cultivars, but the effects of NaCl compared to PEG were less on germination and seedling growth. All cultivars were able to germinate at all NaCl levels without a significant decrease in germination, while a drastic decrease in germination was recorded at -6 bars of PEG. It was concluded that inhibition in germination at equivalent water potentials of NaCl and PEG was mainly due to an osmotic effect rather than salt toxicity.
Anahtar Kelime: Konular:
Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
- Alan, M.N. 1984. Bezelye El Kitabı. Ege Bölgesi Zirai Araştırma Enstitüsü Yayınları. No:37, Menemen-İzmir.
- Almansouri, M., J.M. Kinet and S. Lutts. 2001. Effect of salt and osmotic stresses on germination in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). Plant and Soil, 231: 243-254.
- Bliss, R.D., K.A. Platt-Aloia and W.W. Thomson. 1986. Osmotic sensitivity in relation to salt sensitivity in germinating barley seeds. Plant Cell Environ, 9: 721-725.
- Böhm, W. 1979. Methods of Studying Root Systems, Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Bozoğlu, H., E. Pekşen and A. Gülümser 2004. Sıra aralığı ve potasyum kumat uygulamasının bezelyenin verim ve bazı özelliklerine etkisi. A.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 10(1): 53-58.
- Brown, S.C., PJ. Gregory, PJ.M. Cooper and J.D.H. Keatinge. 1989. Root and shoot growth and water use of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) grown in dryland conditions: Effects of sowing date and genotype. Journal of Agricultural Science, 113: 41-49.
- Cerda, A., M. Caro and F.G. Fernandez. 1982. Salt tolerance of two pea cultivars. Agronomy Journal, 74: 796-798.
- Coons, M.J., R.O. Kuehl and N.R. Simons. 1990. Tolerance often lettuce cultivars to high temperature combined with NaCl during germination. J. Americ. Soc. Hort. Sci. 115(6): 1004-1007.
- Delgado, M.J., F. Ligero and C. Lluch. 1994. Effects of salt stress on growth and nitrogen fixation by pea, faba bean, common bean and soybean plants. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 26 (3): 371-376.
- Ellis, R.H. and E.H. Roberts. 1980. Towards a rational basis for testing seed quality. In: Seed Production (ed: P.D. Hebblethwaite), p: 605-635. Butterworths, London.
- Ghoulam, C. and K. Fares. 2001. Effect of salinity on seed germination and early seedling growth of sugar beet [Beta vulgaris I.). Seed Sci. & Technol, 29: 357-364.
- Hampson, C.R. and G.M. Simpson. 1990. Effects of temperature, salt and osmotic potential on early growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum). I. Germination. Can. J. Bot, 68: 524-528.
- Kaya, M.D., C.Y. Çiftçi and M. Kaya. 2002. Bakteri aşılaması ve azot dozlarının bezelye (Pisum sativum L)'de verim ve verim öğelerine etkileri. A.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 8(4): 300-305.
- Khajeh-Hosseini, M., A.A. Powell and I.J. Bingham. 2003. The interaction between salinity stress and seed vigour during germination of soybean seeds. Seed Sci. & Technol, 31: 715-725.
- Lal, R.K. 1985. Effect of salinity applied at different stages of growth on seed yield and its constituents in field peas (Pisum sativum L. var. arvensis). Indian J. Agron, 30: 296-299.
- Michel, B.E. and M.R. Kaufmann. 1973. The osmotic potential of polyethylene glycol 6000. Plant Physiology, 51: 914-916.
- Murillo-Amador, B., R. Lopez-Aguilar, C. Kaya, J. Larrinaga-Mayoral and A. Flores-Hernandez. 2002. Comparative effects of NaCl and polyethylene glycol on germination, emergence and seedling growth of cowpea. J. Agronomy & Crop Science, 188: 235-247.
- Mwale, S.S., C. Hamusimbi and K. Mwansa. 2003. Germination, emergence and growth of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in response to osmotic seed priming. Seed Sci. & Technol. 31: 199-206.
- Perry, D.A. 1984. Factors influencing the establishment of cereal crops. Aspects of Applied Biology, 7: 65-83.
- Redmann, R.E. 1974. Osmotic and specific ion effect on the germination of alfalfa. Canadian Journal of Botany, 52: 803-808.
- Rehman, S., PJ.C. Harris, W.F. Bourne and J. Wilkin. 1996. The effect of sodium chloride on germination and the potassium and calcium content of Acacis seeds. Seed Sci. and Technol., 25: 45-57.
- Sadeghian, S.Y. and N. Yavari. 2004. Effect of water-deficit stress on germination and early seedling growth in sugar beet. J. of Agronomy & Crop Science, 190(2): 138-144.
- Wilson, D.R., P.D. Jamieson, W.A. Jermyn and R. Hanson. 1985. Models of growth and water use of field pea (Pisum sativum L.). In: (ed. Hebblethwaite, P.D., M.C. Heath and T.C.K. Dawkins) The Pea Crop. Butterworths London, UK.
| APA | OKÇU G, KAYA M, Atak M (2005). Effect of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of pea (Pisum sativum L.). , 237 - 242. |
| Chicago | OKÇU Gamze,KAYA Mehmet Demir,Atak Mehmet Effect of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of pea (Pisum sativum L.). (2005): 237 - 242. |
| MLA | OKÇU Gamze,KAYA Mehmet Demir,Atak Mehmet Effect of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of pea (Pisum sativum L.). , 2005, ss.237 - 242. |
| AMA | OKÇU G,KAYA M,Atak M Effect of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of pea (Pisum sativum L.). . 2005; 237 - 242. |
| Vancouver | OKÇU G,KAYA M,Atak M Effect of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of pea (Pisum sativum L.). . 2005; 237 - 242. |
| IEEE | OKÇU G,KAYA M,Atak M "Effect of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of pea (Pisum sativum L.)." , ss.237 - 242, 2005. |
| ISNAD | OKÇU, Gamze vd. "Effect of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of pea (Pisum sativum L.)". (2005), 237-242. |
| APA | OKÇU G, KAYA M, Atak M (2005). Effect of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of pea (Pisum sativum L.). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 29(4), 237 - 242. |
| Chicago | OKÇU Gamze,KAYA Mehmet Demir,Atak Mehmet Effect of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of pea (Pisum sativum L.). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 29, no.4 (2005): 237 - 242. |
| MLA | OKÇU Gamze,KAYA Mehmet Demir,Atak Mehmet Effect of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of pea (Pisum sativum L.). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, vol.29, no.4, 2005, ss.237 - 242. |
| AMA | OKÇU G,KAYA M,Atak M Effect of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of pea (Pisum sativum L.). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 2005; 29(4): 237 - 242. |
| Vancouver | OKÇU G,KAYA M,Atak M Effect of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of pea (Pisum sativum L.). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 2005; 29(4): 237 - 242. |
| IEEE | OKÇU G,KAYA M,Atak M "Effect of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of pea (Pisum sativum L.)." Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 29, ss.237 - 242, 2005. |
| ISNAD | OKÇU, Gamze vd. "Effect of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of pea (Pisum sativum L.)". Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 29/4 (2005), 237-242. |
