Pandemics pose a serious public health threat by causing many deaths, physical and mental problems. Healthcare workers are among the occupational groups with high risk in pandemics. In the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, which is one of the infectious diseases that the world has recently faced, a notification was made to the World Health Organization that 22,073 healthcare workers from 52 countries had the disease. To date, there are a limited number of publications and national status reports that provide information on the number of people caught with COVID-19 among healthcare workers, and estimates are much higher than the reported number. Early study results on COVID-19 show that 10% or even 20% of patients are healthcare workers. Although the infection is mild in most healthcare workers, serious outcomes, including deaths, have been reported. In the review, informations about healthcare workers' exposure to the factor, risk factors, professional responsibilities, problems they experience and how they can be protected in the COVID-19 pandemic were discussed.