Objectives: Postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an important and still underrecognized problem thataffects women and their families. The psychological well-being of the mother is critical to attachment, which is funda mental to the infant’s psychological development. This study was conducted to determine the effect of traumatic stresson mother-infant bonding in the postpartum period and to examine risk factors. Methods: This was a descriptive study conducted with 360 women who had infants 6 months of age. The participantscompleted a personal information form, the City Birth Trauma Scale (CityBiTS), and the Postpartum Bonding Question naire (PBQ), and the data were analyzed. The distribution of the data was evaluated using the Kolmogorov-Smirnovtest, and the Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U test, and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 29.24±3.52 years, and the majority had a bachelor’s degree(76.1%). The mean total CityBiTS score was 20.23±14.32 (possible range: 0-60). The CityBiTS data revealed that 90.6%(n=326) of the women had at least 1 or more symptoms of trauma and 16.4% (n=59) women in the sample met all ofthe Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition diagnostic criteria for PTSD. It was observedthat the CityBiTS scores increased in parallel with the PBQ scores. Emergency cesarean section, vaginal examinationby several different people during labor, and complications for mother or infant increased the traumatic stress score. Ahistory of abuse, an unwanted pregnancy, and no opportunity to provide skin-to-skin contact had negative effects onpostpartum bonding (p<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, 16.4% of the participants met the criteria for a diagnosis of PTSD, and a greater traumaticstress score negatively affected mother-infant bonding. Women at risk of PTSD and poor bonding should be followedup closely in the postpartum period and provided with the appropriate care.