Unemployment insurance, which started to be implemented in the world at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, was established in our country at the end of the 20th century, in 1999. Unemployment insurance aims to reduce the negative consequences of unemployment, which is one of the 9 basic social security risks accepted by the International Labor Organization (ILO). Unemployment insurance, which can be used by people who are unemployed through their own fault and will, is one of the passive employment policies that try to fight the problems caused by unemployment. Unemployment insurance, which is a passive employment policy, is also evaluated together with active employment policies that aim to reduce unemployment. The aim of our study is to discuss the place of unemployment insurance in social security law and to address its current problems. In this context, after explaining the history of unemployment insurance both in the world and in our country, explanations based on the legislation regarding the place of unemployment insurance in social security law were made. In these legislative explanations, issues such as the application for unemployment benefits, the conditions for benefiting from the benefit, the services provided to the people who are entitled to unemployment benefits, the cases where the unemployment benefit is cut off, the effect of the result of the reemployment lawsuit on the unemployment benefit are mentioned. According to the findings, it has been observed that taking the employer’s notification as the basis for entitlement to unemployment benefits creates grievances, a very small part of the unemployed people benefit from unemployment insurance, the access of the unemployed to unemployment insurance is very limited due to the conditions in the legislation, and the unemployment fund has been diverted from its purpose and turned into a support tool for employers. As a result of all these evaluations, it will be underlined that arrangements should be made to make it easier for the unemployed to benefit from unemployment insurance and that the unemployment fund should not be transformed into an “employer support fund”.