Effects of low molecular weight heparin and rivaroxaban on rat Achilles tendon healing
Yıl: 2018 Cilt: 29 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 13 - 19 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.5606/ehc.2018.54577 İndeks Tarihi: 21-11-2019
Effects of low molecular weight heparin and rivaroxaban on rat Achilles tendon healing
Öz: Objectives: This study aims to compare the histopathological and biomechanical effects of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and rivaroxaban, which are frequently used in orthopedic surgery for thromboembolic prophylaxis, on rat Achilles tendon healing. Materials and methods: In the study, 36 adult, male Sprague Dawley rats weighing between 300 g and 400 g were used. Three groups were formed including 12 rats in each. Achilles tendons of all rats were cut and repaired. Nadroparin calcium was administered subcutaneously for 21 days at a dose of 170 IU AXa to the first group (LMWH group). Rivaroxaban was administered daily at a dose of 3 mg/kg for 21 days as gastric lavage to the second group (rivaroxaban group). The third group was identified as the control group and no medication was administered in this group. At the end of three weeks, tendons extracted from the groups were examined histopathologically and biomechanically. Results: Bonar’s and Movin’s scores obtained as a result of histopathological examination were statistically significantly higher in the control group (p=0.003 and p=0.004, respectively) (high scores indicate that tendon healing is not sufficient). When type I and type III collagen ratios were examined, type I collagen ratio, which should be found at a higher ratio in mature tendon, was statistically significantly higher in rivaroxaban and LMWH groups compared with the control group (p=0.002). As a result of biomechanical examination, higher mean maximum force values were obtained from the rivaroxaban group compared with the LMWH group (p=0.31). Mean maximum force values obtained from the control group were higher than those obtained from the LMWH group (p=0.03) and the rivaroxaban group (p=0.18). Conclusion: Histopathological examination revealed that both LMWH and rivaroxaban have positive effects on tendon healing. However, the same positive effects were not detected in biomechanical examination. Keywords: Achilles tendon; low
Anahtar Kelime: Konular:
Düşük molekül ağırlıklı heparin ile rivaroksabanın sıçan Aşil tendonu iyileşmesi üzerindeki etkileri
Öz: Amaç: Bu çalışmada ortopedik cerrahide tromboemboli profilaksisi için sık kullanılan düşük molekül ağırlıklı heparin (DMAH) ve rivaroksabanın, sıçan Aşil tendonu iyileşmesi üzerindeki histopatolojik ve biyomekanik etkileri karşılaştırıldı. Gereç ve yöntemler: Çalışmada yetişkin, ağırlıkları 300 g-400 g arasında değişen 36 erkek Sprague Dawley sıçan kullanıldı. Her grupta 12 sıçan olacak şekilde üç grup oluşturuldu. Tüm sıçanların Aşil tendonları kesilip tamir edildi. Birinci gruba (DMAH grubu) 21 gün süreyle 170 IU AXa dozunda nadroparin kalsiyum subkütan olarak verildi. İkinci gruba (rivaroksaban grubu) ise 21 gün süreyle 3 mg/kg dozunda rivaroksaban günlük gastrik lavaj olarak verildi. Üçüncü grup kontrol grubu olarak belirlendi ve bu grupta herhangi bir ilaç uygulaması yapılmadı. Üç haftanın sonunda gruplardan alınan tendonlar histopatolojik ve biyomekanik açıdan incelendi. Bulgular: Histopatolojik inceleme sonucunda elde edilen Bonar ve Movin skorları, kontrol grubunda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde daha yüksek idi (sırasıyla, p=0.003 ve p=0.004) (skorların yüksek olması tendon iyileşmesinin yeterli olmadığını gösterir). Tip I ve tip III kollajen oranları incelendiğinde, matür tendonda daha yüksek oranda bulunması gereken tip I kollajen oranı, rivaroksaban ve DMAH gruplarında, kontrol grubuna kıyasla istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde daha yüksek idi (p=0.002). Biyomekanik inceleme sonucunda rivaroksaban grubundan, DMAH grubuna kıyasla daha yüksek ortalama maksimum kuvvet değerleri elde edildi (p=0.31). Kontrol grubundan elde edilen ortalama maksimum kuvvet değerleri, DMAH grubundan (p=0.03) ve rivaroksaban grubundan (p=0.18) elde edilenlerden daha yüksek idi. Sonuç: Histopatolojik inceleme, hem DMAH’ın hem de rivaroksabanın tendon iyileşmesine olumlu etkileri olduğunu gösterdi. Ancak aynı olumlu etkiler biyomekanik incelemede tespit edilmedi.
Anahtar Kelime: Konular:
Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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APA | EREN Y, ADANIR O, DİNÇEL Y, Genç E, Arslan Y, ÇAĞLAR A (2018). Effects of low molecular weight heparin and rivaroxaban on rat Achilles tendon healing. , 13 - 19. 10.5606/ehc.2018.54577 |
Chicago | EREN Yılmaz,ADANIR Oktay,DİNÇEL Yasar Mahsut,Genç Erdinç,Arslan Yunus Ziya,ÇAĞLAR Aysel Effects of low molecular weight heparin and rivaroxaban on rat Achilles tendon healing. (2018): 13 - 19. 10.5606/ehc.2018.54577 |
MLA | EREN Yılmaz,ADANIR Oktay,DİNÇEL Yasar Mahsut,Genç Erdinç,Arslan Yunus Ziya,ÇAĞLAR Aysel Effects of low molecular weight heparin and rivaroxaban on rat Achilles tendon healing. , 2018, ss.13 - 19. 10.5606/ehc.2018.54577 |
AMA | EREN Y,ADANIR O,DİNÇEL Y,Genç E,Arslan Y,ÇAĞLAR A Effects of low molecular weight heparin and rivaroxaban on rat Achilles tendon healing. . 2018; 13 - 19. 10.5606/ehc.2018.54577 |
Vancouver | EREN Y,ADANIR O,DİNÇEL Y,Genç E,Arslan Y,ÇAĞLAR A Effects of low molecular weight heparin and rivaroxaban on rat Achilles tendon healing. . 2018; 13 - 19. 10.5606/ehc.2018.54577 |
IEEE | EREN Y,ADANIR O,DİNÇEL Y,Genç E,Arslan Y,ÇAĞLAR A "Effects of low molecular weight heparin and rivaroxaban on rat Achilles tendon healing." , ss.13 - 19, 2018. 10.5606/ehc.2018.54577 |
ISNAD | EREN, Yılmaz vd. "Effects of low molecular weight heparin and rivaroxaban on rat Achilles tendon healing". (2018), 13-19. https://doi.org/10.5606/ehc.2018.54577 |
APA | EREN Y, ADANIR O, DİNÇEL Y, Genç E, Arslan Y, ÇAĞLAR A (2018). Effects of low molecular weight heparin and rivaroxaban on rat Achilles tendon healing. Eklem Hastalıkları ve Cerrahisi Dergisi (Eski Adı: Artroplasti Artroskopik Cerrahi Derg.), 29(1), 13 - 19. 10.5606/ehc.2018.54577 |
Chicago | EREN Yılmaz,ADANIR Oktay,DİNÇEL Yasar Mahsut,Genç Erdinç,Arslan Yunus Ziya,ÇAĞLAR Aysel Effects of low molecular weight heparin and rivaroxaban on rat Achilles tendon healing. Eklem Hastalıkları ve Cerrahisi Dergisi (Eski Adı: Artroplasti Artroskopik Cerrahi Derg.) 29, no.1 (2018): 13 - 19. 10.5606/ehc.2018.54577 |
MLA | EREN Yılmaz,ADANIR Oktay,DİNÇEL Yasar Mahsut,Genç Erdinç,Arslan Yunus Ziya,ÇAĞLAR Aysel Effects of low molecular weight heparin and rivaroxaban on rat Achilles tendon healing. Eklem Hastalıkları ve Cerrahisi Dergisi (Eski Adı: Artroplasti Artroskopik Cerrahi Derg.), vol.29, no.1, 2018, ss.13 - 19. 10.5606/ehc.2018.54577 |
AMA | EREN Y,ADANIR O,DİNÇEL Y,Genç E,Arslan Y,ÇAĞLAR A Effects of low molecular weight heparin and rivaroxaban on rat Achilles tendon healing. Eklem Hastalıkları ve Cerrahisi Dergisi (Eski Adı: Artroplasti Artroskopik Cerrahi Derg.). 2018; 29(1): 13 - 19. 10.5606/ehc.2018.54577 |
Vancouver | EREN Y,ADANIR O,DİNÇEL Y,Genç E,Arslan Y,ÇAĞLAR A Effects of low molecular weight heparin and rivaroxaban on rat Achilles tendon healing. Eklem Hastalıkları ve Cerrahisi Dergisi (Eski Adı: Artroplasti Artroskopik Cerrahi Derg.). 2018; 29(1): 13 - 19. 10.5606/ehc.2018.54577 |
IEEE | EREN Y,ADANIR O,DİNÇEL Y,Genç E,Arslan Y,ÇAĞLAR A "Effects of low molecular weight heparin and rivaroxaban on rat Achilles tendon healing." Eklem Hastalıkları ve Cerrahisi Dergisi (Eski Adı: Artroplasti Artroskopik Cerrahi Derg.), 29, ss.13 - 19, 2018. 10.5606/ehc.2018.54577 |
ISNAD | EREN, Yılmaz vd. "Effects of low molecular weight heparin and rivaroxaban on rat Achilles tendon healing". Eklem Hastalıkları ve Cerrahisi Dergisi (Eski Adı: Artroplasti Artroskopik Cerrahi Derg.) 29/1 (2018), 13-19. https://doi.org/10.5606/ehc.2018.54577 |