In this study, it was aimed to measure the level of knowledge of rational drug use of vocational school of social sciences students (VS) and to evaluate their attitudes about this subject. The universe of this descriptive and cross-sectional study was composed of the students of Fırat University Social Sciences (N = 1151). In the first part of the questionnaire sociodemographic features and questions about the behavior of rational drugs were used, in the second part of the questionnaire Rational Drug Use Scale was used. Of the 790 students enrolled in the study, 63.5% were in normal education and the rest were in evening education. 61.6% of the students were in first grade. 53.8% of the participants were women. The mean age of the students was 21,62 ± 3,98 (min: 18, max: 55). 10,1% of the participants use drugs continuously and 48,9% of them think that it may be necessary to buy medicine without being ill and keep them at home. 76.6% reported that they consulted the physician in case of illness. 48.5% of the students take their medication until the sickness is over. 47.5% of them use antibiotics without examination in upper respiratory tract diseases. The mean score obtained from the rational drug use scale of the students was 32,53 ± 5,82 (min: 14, max: 42). The mean score of the women was higher than men's mean score and the mean score of the students in the second grade was higher than that of the first grade students (p <0.001). In the same way, the mean score of the students who are in normal education is higher than that of evening education (p <0.05). The mean score of the students who used drug continuously was found to be higher than the students who did not use (p <0.05). The mean score of participants who buy drugs for future needs although they were not sick was found to be lower than the ones who did not buy drugs (p <0.0001). Students have a lack of knowledge about rational drug use. Similarly, there are errors in drug use behaviors. The presence of health courses containing information about rational drug use in the education process may contribute to the rational drug use behaviors of the students.