Kadınların Cinsiyetçiliğe Tepkileri: Meşrulaştırma, Kendini Suskunlaştırma, Yüzleşme ve Kolektif Hareket

Nuray SAKALLI UĞURLU (Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Psikoloji Bölümü, Ankara , Türkiye)
Türk Psikoloji Yazıları
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Yıl: 2021 Cilt: 24 Sayı: 47 Sayfa Aralığı: 115 - 135 Metin Dili: Türkçe DOI: 10.31828/tpy1301996120210220m000035 İndeks Tarihi: 22-05-2022

Kadınların Cinsiyetçiliğe Tepkileri: Meşrulaştırma, Kendini Suskunlaştırma, Yüzleşme ve Kolektif Hareket

Öz:
Kadınlar günlük yaşamlarında cinsiyetçiliğin birçok farklı türüne maruz kalır. Kadınların cinsiyetçiliği fark etme düzeyleri ve verdikleri tepkiler farklılık gösterebilir. Kadınların verdikleri bu farklı tepkiler ise kendilerinin veya cinsiyetçiliğin değişmesini farklı şekillerde etkiler. Bu tarama makalesinin amacı kadınların cinsiyetçiliğe karşı tepkilerine ilişkin alanyazın araştırmalarının cinsiyetçilik farkındalığı düşük/yüksek ve cinsiyetçiliğe tepki vermede pasif/aktif olma boyutları kapsamında derlenmesidir. Alanyazında belirtilen tepkiler cinsiyetçilik farkındalığını içerecek şekilde pasif olarak var olanı kabul etme ve onaylama durumundan aktif olarak kolektif hareketlere katılmaya kadar dört ana başlık altında sunulmuştur. Bunlar (1) cinsiyetçilik farkındalığı olmayıp ya da farkındalığı düşük olup, var olan cinsiyet sistemini olduğu gibi kabullenme ve meşrulaştırma; (2) cinsiyetçilik farkındalığı olup, cinsiyetçiliğe ilişkin olumsuz duygular yaşasa bile harekete geçmeyip kendini suskunlaştırma; (3) cinsiyetçilik farkındalığı olup, cinsiyetçi tutum ve davranışlara karşı koyma yani cinsiyetçilikle yüzleşme; ve (4) cinsiyetçilik farkındalığı olup, kolektif hareketlerde bulunma şeklinde ele alınmıştır. Cinsiyetçiliği kabullenme ve meşrulaştırma, kendini suskunlaştırma, cinsiyetçilikle yüzleşme ve kolektif hareketler olarak ele alınan bu dört ana tepkiyi etkileyen unsurlar olarak sosyal baskınlık, sistemi meşrulaştırma, sağ kanat yetkecilik, reddedilme hassasiyeti, cinsiyetçiliğin türü, failin tanıdıklığı, ortamın özellikleri, ödül-bedel algısı, kadın kimliğiyle özdeşleşme ve adaletsizlik algısı vb. ele alınmış ve ilgili ana başlıklar altında sunulmuştur. Son olarak, bu dört farklı tepkinin kadınlar üzerindeki bireysel ve grup temelli olası olumlu veya olumsuz çıktıları ele alınmıştır. Anahtar kelimeler: Cinsiyetçiliğe tepkiler, me
Anahtar Kelime:

Women’s Responses to Sexism:Justification, Self-Silencing, Confrontation, and Collective Action

Öz:
Women are exposed to a variety of sexist behaviors in their daily lives. They may present different responses to these sexist behaviors. The response differences may cause positive or negative outcomes to their lives and social change in sexism. The purpose of the article is to review the literature on women’s responses to sexism under two main dimensions as the level of awareness of sexism and passive/active strategies against sexism. Depending on the literature on sexism, these responses may vary from passive acceptance to collective action, and they can be grouped under four main titles as (1) acceptance and justification of sexism without awareness of sexism, (2) self-silencing with awareness of sexism, (3) confronting sexism with awareness of sexism, and (4) collective behavior with awareness of sexism. Under these four main responses, correlated factors such as social dominance, system justification, right-wing authoritarianism, rejection sensitivity, type of sexist behavior, acquaintance, characteristics of the situation, perception of costs and benefits, social identification, and perception of fairness are presented. Finally, probable individual and group based positive or negative outcomes of these four types of responses on women are covered.
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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APA Sakallı N (2021). Kadınların Cinsiyetçiliğe Tepkileri: Meşrulaştırma, Kendini Suskunlaştırma, Yüzleşme ve Kolektif Hareket. , 115 - 135. 10.31828/tpy1301996120210220m000035
Chicago Sakallı Nuray Kadınların Cinsiyetçiliğe Tepkileri: Meşrulaştırma, Kendini Suskunlaştırma, Yüzleşme ve Kolektif Hareket. (2021): 115 - 135. 10.31828/tpy1301996120210220m000035
MLA Sakallı Nuray Kadınların Cinsiyetçiliğe Tepkileri: Meşrulaştırma, Kendini Suskunlaştırma, Yüzleşme ve Kolektif Hareket. , 2021, ss.115 - 135. 10.31828/tpy1301996120210220m000035
AMA Sakallı N Kadınların Cinsiyetçiliğe Tepkileri: Meşrulaştırma, Kendini Suskunlaştırma, Yüzleşme ve Kolektif Hareket. . 2021; 115 - 135. 10.31828/tpy1301996120210220m000035
Vancouver Sakallı N Kadınların Cinsiyetçiliğe Tepkileri: Meşrulaştırma, Kendini Suskunlaştırma, Yüzleşme ve Kolektif Hareket. . 2021; 115 - 135. 10.31828/tpy1301996120210220m000035
IEEE Sakallı N "Kadınların Cinsiyetçiliğe Tepkileri: Meşrulaştırma, Kendini Suskunlaştırma, Yüzleşme ve Kolektif Hareket." , ss.115 - 135, 2021. 10.31828/tpy1301996120210220m000035
ISNAD Sakallı, Nuray. "Kadınların Cinsiyetçiliğe Tepkileri: Meşrulaştırma, Kendini Suskunlaştırma, Yüzleşme ve Kolektif Hareket". (2021), 115-135. https://doi.org/10.31828/tpy1301996120210220m000035
APA Sakallı N (2021). Kadınların Cinsiyetçiliğe Tepkileri: Meşrulaştırma, Kendini Suskunlaştırma, Yüzleşme ve Kolektif Hareket. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 24(47), 115 - 135. 10.31828/tpy1301996120210220m000035
Chicago Sakallı Nuray Kadınların Cinsiyetçiliğe Tepkileri: Meşrulaştırma, Kendini Suskunlaştırma, Yüzleşme ve Kolektif Hareket. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları 24, no.47 (2021): 115 - 135. 10.31828/tpy1301996120210220m000035
MLA Sakallı Nuray Kadınların Cinsiyetçiliğe Tepkileri: Meşrulaştırma, Kendini Suskunlaştırma, Yüzleşme ve Kolektif Hareket. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, vol.24, no.47, 2021, ss.115 - 135. 10.31828/tpy1301996120210220m000035
AMA Sakallı N Kadınların Cinsiyetçiliğe Tepkileri: Meşrulaştırma, Kendini Suskunlaştırma, Yüzleşme ve Kolektif Hareket. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları. 2021; 24(47): 115 - 135. 10.31828/tpy1301996120210220m000035
Vancouver Sakallı N Kadınların Cinsiyetçiliğe Tepkileri: Meşrulaştırma, Kendini Suskunlaştırma, Yüzleşme ve Kolektif Hareket. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları. 2021; 24(47): 115 - 135. 10.31828/tpy1301996120210220m000035
IEEE Sakallı N "Kadınların Cinsiyetçiliğe Tepkileri: Meşrulaştırma, Kendini Suskunlaştırma, Yüzleşme ve Kolektif Hareket." Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 24, ss.115 - 135, 2021. 10.31828/tpy1301996120210220m000035
ISNAD Sakallı, Nuray. "Kadınların Cinsiyetçiliğe Tepkileri: Meşrulaştırma, Kendini Suskunlaştırma, Yüzleşme ve Kolektif Hareket". Türk Psikoloji Yazıları 24/47 (2021), 115-135. https://doi.org/10.31828/tpy1301996120210220m000035
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