The effects of planting time and combination on the nutrient composition and digestible dry matter yield of four mixtures of vetch varieties intercropped with barley

KARSLI, M. Akif; BOLAT, DURAN; YILMAZ, İ. Hakkı; BİNGÖL, N. Tuğba

The effects of planting time and combination on the nutrient composition and digestible dry matter yield of four mixtures of vetch varieties intercropped with barley

N. Tuğba BİNGÖL, (Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastanesi, Anabilim Dalı, Van, Türkiye)

M. Akif KARSLI, (Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastanesi, Anabilim Dalı, Van, Türkiye)

Duran BOLAT, (Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastanesi, Anabilim Dalı, Van, Türkiye)

İ. Hakkı YILMAZ (Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Van, Türkiye)

Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences

1 0

Yıl: 2007 Cilt: 31 Sayı: 5 Sayfa Aralığı: 297 - 302 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

The effects of planting time and combination on the nutrient composition and digestible dry matter yield of four mixtures of vetch varieties intercropped with barley

Öz:

Bu çalışma, Doğu Anadolu şartlarında 3 farklı ekim zamanında arpa ile birlikte ekilen 4 farklı fiğ varyetesinin kimyasal kompozisyonunu (besin madde içerikleri), sindirilebilirliğini, enerji içeriğini ve sindirilebilir kuru madde verimini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Arpayla ekilen dört farklı fiğ çeşidi olarak, adi fiğ (Farukbey-2001), Macar fiği (Tarım Beyazı-98), tüylü fiğ (Selçuklu-2002) ve tüylü meyveli fiğ (Segmen-2002) çeşidi kullanıldı. Fiğ parselleri 7 Ekim 2003 (I), 7 Kasım 2003 (II), 10 Nisan 2004 (III) tarihlerinde ekildi ve her bir varyete/ekim zamanı rasgele 3 tekerrür olarak dağıtıldı. Fiğlerin 1/4’ünün çiçeklenmeye başlamasıyla ve aynı zamanda arpa başaklarının görülmesiyle bahçe makası kullanılarak elle hasat edildi. Bütün örneklerin kuru madde (KM), ham kül (HK), ham protein (HP), nötral deterjan lif (NDF) ve asit deterjan lif (ADF) düzeyleri analiz edildi. Örneklerin in vitro kuru madde sindirilebilirlikleri de (IVKMS) belirlendi. Fiğ varyeteleri arasında KM ve organik madde (OM) düzeylerinde farklılık görülmezken, HP, NDF ve ADF düzeyleri önemli derecede farklı bulundu (P < 0,05). ‹n vitro KM sindirilebilirlikleri, metabolik enerji (ME) ve net enerji laktasyon (NEL) değerleri de fiğ varyeteleri arasında önemli derecede farklı tespit edildi (P < 0,05). Sindirilebilir KM ve ME verimi ekim zamanından önemli derecede etkilenirken (P < 0,05) varyeteden etkilenmedi. Bununla birlikte fiğ-arpa karışımlarının HP verimleri ekim zamanı ve varyeteden önemli derecede (P < 0,05) etkilendi. Bu da bütün fiğ-arpa karışımlarının 7 Ekim 2003 tarihinde ekildiğinde sindirilebilir KM ve HP verimlerinin önemli derecede (P < 0,05) etkilendiği sonucunu gösterdi. Bu nedenle, Doğu Anadolu’da fiğ-arpa karışımlarının ekimi için Ekim ayı tercih edilmelidir. Sindirilebilir KM verimine ilaveten daha fazla HP verimi istendiği zaman adi fiğ tercih edilmemelidir.

Anahtar Kelime: ham protein in vitro kuru madde fiğ sindirilebilirlik dikim zamanı kimyasal bileşim Hordeum vulgare arpa Vicia villosa besin değeri beraber ekim enerji içeriği bitki bileşimi Vicia sativa ham lif Vicia pannonica

Konular: Ziraat Mühendisliği

Arpayla birlikte ekilen dört fiğ çeşidinin ekim zamanlarının besin madde kompozisyonu ve sindirilebilir kuru madde verimi üzerine etkileri

Öz:

The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition, digestibility, energy content, and digestible dry matter yield of 4 mixtures of different vetch varieties intercropped with the same barley at 3 different planting times under Eastern Anatolian conditions. Four different vetch species, i.e. common (Farukbey-2001), Hungarian (Tarım Beyaz›-98), hairy (Selçuklu- 2002), and wooly pod (Segmen-2002), intercropped with barley (Tokak-157) were utilized. The mixtures of vetches intercropped with barley were planted on 7 October 2003 (I), 7 November 2003 (II), and 10 April 2004 (III), and each variety/planting time was randomly assigned to 3 replications. The mixtures of vetches intercropped with barley were harvested by hand using clippers when the barley started spiking and vetches were at 1/4 flowering. All samples were analyzed for dry matter (DM), ash, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) content. In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of the samples was also determined. While DM and organic matter (OM) content did not differ, CP, NDF, and ADF content were significantly different among the different mixtures of vetch intercropped with barley (P < 0.05). IVDMD, metabolizable energy (ME), and net energy lactation (NEL) values were also significantly different among the mixtures of vetch intercropped with barley (P < 0.05). Digestible DM and ME yield of the mixtures were significantly affected by planting time (P < 0.05), but not variety. However, CP yield of the vetch-barley mixtures was significantly affected by both planting time and variety (P < 0.05). It can be concluded that all of the mixtures of vetch intercropped with barley had significantly higher digestible DM and CP yield when planted on 7 October 2003. Thus, October should be preferred for planting of the mixtures of vetch intercropped with barley in Eastern Anatolia. If a greater CP yield in addition to digestible DM yield is desired from vetch-barley hay, then common vetch should not be the choice.

Anahtar Kelime: energy content plant composition Vicia sativa crude fibre Vicia pannonica crude protein in vitro dry matter vetch digestibility planting date chemical composition Hordeum vulgare barley Vicia villosa nutritive value intercropping

Konular: Ziraat Mühendisliği

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

1. Ergün, A., Tuncer, Ş.D.: Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları. Medipress, Ankara. 2001.
2. Minson, D.J., Wilson, J.R.: Prediction of intake as element of forage quality. In: Fahey, G.C. Jr., Ed. Forage Quality, Evaluation, and Utilization. American Society of Agronomy, Inc. Crop Science Society of America, Inc. Soil Science Society of America, Inc. Madison, WI. 1994; 533-563.
3. Papastylianou, I., Danso S.K.A.: Nitrogen fixation and transfer in vetch and vetch-oat mixtures. Soil Biol. Biochem., 1991; 23: 447-452.
4. Kurdali, F., Sharabi N.E., Arslan A.: Rainfed vetch-barley mixed cropping in the Syrian semi-arid conditions. I. Nitrogen nutrition using 15N isotopic dilution. Plant and Soil, 1996; 183: 137-148.
5. Al-Masri, M.R.: Yield and nutritive value of vetch (Vicia sativa) –barley (Hordeum vulgare) forage under different harvesting regimens. Trop. Grasslands, 1998; 32: 201-206.
6. Newton, A.C., Swanston, J.S., Guy, D.C., Ellis, R.P. The effect of cultivar mixtures on malting quality in winter barley. J. Inst. Brew. 1998; 104: 41-45.
7. AOAC: Official Methods of Analysis (13th Ed.). Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC. 1980.
8. Van Soest, P.J., Robertson J.B.: Systems of analyses for evaluation of fibrous feed. In: W.J. Pigden, C.C. Balch, and M. Graham, Eds. Proc. Int. Workshop on Standardization of Analytical Methodology for Feeds. Int. Dev. Res. Center, Ottawa, Canada. 1979; 49-60.
9. Goering, H.K., Van Soest, P.J.: Forage Fiber Analyses. Apparatus, Reagent, Procedures and Applications. USDA Agric. Handbook No. 379. 1970.
10. Tilley, J.M.A., Terry, R.A.: A two-stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops. Grass Forage Sci., 1963; 18: 104-111.
11. Marten, G.C., Barnes, R.F.: Prediction of energy digestibility of forages with in vitro rumen fermentation and fungal enzyme systems. In: W.J. Pigden, C.C. Balch, and M. Graham, Eds. Proc. Int. Workshop on Standardization of Analytical Methodology for Feed. Int. Dev. Res. Center, Ottawa, Canada. 1980; 61-71.
12. NRC: Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle (7th Ed.), National Academy Press, Washington, DC. 1996.
13. Weiss, W.P., Conrad, H.R., St. Pierre, N.R.: A theoretically-based model for predicting total digestible nutrient values of forages and concentrates. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 1992; 39: 95-110.
14. SAS: User’s Guide Statistics, Version 5 ed. SAS inst., Inc., Cary, NC. 1985.
15. Smith, B.W.: Feed Industry Red Book. Communications Marketing, Inc., MN. 1990.
16. Deniz, S., Nursoy, H., Yılmaz, İ., Karslı, M.A.: Vejetasyonun farklı devrelerinde hasat edilmenin bazı mısır varyetelerinde besin madde içeriği ve silaj kalitesi ile sindirilebilir kuru madde miktarına etkisi. S. Ü. Vet. Bil. Derg., 2001; 17: 43-49.
17. Keskin, B., Yılmaz, İ.H., Karslı, M.A., Nursoy, H.: Effects of urea or urea plus molasses supplementation to silages with different sorghum varieties harvested at the milk stage on the quality and in vitro dry matter digestibility of silages. Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci., 2005; 29: 1143-1147.
18. Karslı, M.A., Akdeniz, H., Levendoğlu, T., Terzioğlu, Ö.: Evaluation of the nutrient content and protein fractions of four different common vetch varieties. Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci., 2005; 29: 1291-1297.
19. Altınok, S., Hakyemez H. B.: Ankara koşullarında tüylü fiğ ve koca fiğin arpa ile karışımlarında farklı karışım oranlarının yem verimine etkileri. Ankara Tarım Bil. Der., 2002; 8: 45-50.
20. Karadağ, Y., Büyükburç U.: Effects of seed rates on forage production, seed yield and hay quality of annual legume-barley mixtures. Turk. J. Agric. For., 2003; 27: 169-174.
21. Yılmaz, S., Günel, E., Sağlamtimur, T.: Determination of the most suitable seeding rates and cutting ties of common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) + barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) mixture under Hatay ecological condition. 3rd Rangeland and Forage Crops Congress, Erzurum, Turkey. 1996; 355-361.
22. Lithourgidis, A.S., Vasilakoglou, I.B., Dhima, K.V., Dordas, C.A., Yiakoulaki, M.D.: Forage yield and quality of common vetch mixtures with oat and triticale in two seeding ratios. Field Crops Res., 2006; 99: 106-113.
23. Karadağ, Y.: Forage yields, seed yields and botanical composition of some legume-barley mixtures under rainfed condition in semiarid regions of Turkey. Asian J. Plant Sci., 2004; 3: 295-299.
24. Singh, A., Dhingra, K.K., Singh, J., Singh, M.P.. Effect of sowing time and plant density on growth, yield and quality of Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A.Br.). J. Res., Punjab Agricult. Univ., 2002; 39: 471-475.
25. Qamar, I.A., Keatinge, J.D.H., Mohammad, N., Ali, A., Khan, M.A.: Introduction and management of vetch/barley forage mixtures in the rainfed areas of Pakistan. 2. Forage quality. Aust. J. Agr. Res., 1999; 50: 11-20.
26. Nelson, C.J., Moser, L.E.: Factors affecting forage quality. In: Fahey, G.C. Jr., (Ed.). Forage Quality, Evaluation, and Utilization. American Society of Agronomy, Inc. Crop Science Society of America, Inc. Soil Science Society of America, Inc. Madison, WI. 1994; 115-154.
27. Tan, M., Serin Y.: Değişik fiğ+tahıl karışımları için en uygun karışım oranını ve biçim zamanının belirlenmesi üzerine bir araştırma. Atatürk Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg., 1996; 27: 475-489.

APA	BİNGÖL N, KARSLI M, BOLAT D, YILMAZ İ (2007). The effects of planting time and combination on the nutrient composition and digestible dry matter yield of four mixtures of vetch varieties intercropped with barley. , 297 - 302.
Chicago	BİNGÖL N. Tuğba,KARSLI M. Akif,BOLAT DURAN,YILMAZ İ. Hakkı The effects of planting time and combination on the nutrient composition and digestible dry matter yield of four mixtures of vetch varieties intercropped with barley. (2007): 297 - 302.
MLA	BİNGÖL N. Tuğba,KARSLI M. Akif,BOLAT DURAN,YILMAZ İ. Hakkı The effects of planting time and combination on the nutrient composition and digestible dry matter yield of four mixtures of vetch varieties intercropped with barley. , 2007, ss.297 - 302.
AMA	BİNGÖL N,KARSLI M,BOLAT D,YILMAZ İ The effects of planting time and combination on the nutrient composition and digestible dry matter yield of four mixtures of vetch varieties intercropped with barley. . 2007; 297 - 302.
Vancouver	BİNGÖL N,KARSLI M,BOLAT D,YILMAZ İ The effects of planting time and combination on the nutrient composition and digestible dry matter yield of four mixtures of vetch varieties intercropped with barley. . 2007; 297 - 302.
IEEE	BİNGÖL N,KARSLI M,BOLAT D,YILMAZ İ "The effects of planting time and combination on the nutrient composition and digestible dry matter yield of four mixtures of vetch varieties intercropped with barley." , ss.297 - 302, 2007.
ISNAD	BİNGÖL, N. Tuğba vd. "The effects of planting time and combination on the nutrient composition and digestible dry matter yield of four mixtures of vetch varieties intercropped with barley". (2007), 297-302.

APA	BİNGÖL N, KARSLI M, BOLAT D, YILMAZ İ (2007). The effects of planting time and combination on the nutrient composition and digestible dry matter yield of four mixtures of vetch varieties intercropped with barley. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 31(5), 297 - 302.
Chicago	BİNGÖL N. Tuğba,KARSLI M. Akif,BOLAT DURAN,YILMAZ İ. Hakkı The effects of planting time and combination on the nutrient composition and digestible dry matter yield of four mixtures of vetch varieties intercropped with barley. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 31, no.5 (2007): 297 - 302.
MLA	BİNGÖL N. Tuğba,KARSLI M. Akif,BOLAT DURAN,YILMAZ İ. Hakkı The effects of planting time and combination on the nutrient composition and digestible dry matter yield of four mixtures of vetch varieties intercropped with barley. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, vol.31, no.5, 2007, ss.297 - 302.
AMA	BİNGÖL N,KARSLI M,BOLAT D,YILMAZ İ The effects of planting time and combination on the nutrient composition and digestible dry matter yield of four mixtures of vetch varieties intercropped with barley. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. 2007; 31(5): 297 - 302.
Vancouver	BİNGÖL N,KARSLI M,BOLAT D,YILMAZ İ The effects of planting time and combination on the nutrient composition and digestible dry matter yield of four mixtures of vetch varieties intercropped with barley. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. 2007; 31(5): 297 - 302.
IEEE	BİNGÖL N,KARSLI M,BOLAT D,YILMAZ İ "The effects of planting time and combination on the nutrient composition and digestible dry matter yield of four mixtures of vetch varieties intercropped with barley." Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 31, ss.297 - 302, 2007.
ISNAD	BİNGÖL, N. Tuğba vd. "The effects of planting time and combination on the nutrient composition and digestible dry matter yield of four mixtures of vetch varieties intercropped with barley". Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 31/5 (2007), 297-302.