The aim of this study was to examine the level of knowledge and awareness about oral health of patients who apply to dental treatment institutions, the ways of obtaining information, the factors affecting the choice of treatment institutions, and their preferences in the treatment decision-making process. A qualitative research method was used in the study. Twenty people who applied to two private and public treatment institutions were included in the study. An in-depth interview technique was used as a data collection tool. The obtained data were analyzed by descriptive analysis method. Participants often get information about oral health from family and school in childhood, and from internet and mass media in adulthood. The most important criterion in the selection of the treatment institution is the element of trust. The fact that the institutional structure and non-profit aim in state-owned institutions, and the personal characteristics and experience of the dentists working in private institutions and their proximity shown to the patients are the reasons for preference. Patients preferred the deliberative model during the treatment process. It was clear that it would be beneficial to carry out studies to ensure the reliability of oral health information on the internet and mass media to protect and improve public oral health. It would be beneficial to make arrangements that allow a healthy development of patient-physician interaction to provide more qualified health services to patients.