Pregnancy is a unique life experience for every woman. Fertility, in addition, is also effective in determining the status of women in the family and society in most societies. In pregnancy, the woman and her partner begin to feel the role of parenting with the discomfort and anxiety created by the physiological burden and psychological changes brought on by the pregnancy while experiencing happiness, joy and excitement. Adaptation to pregnancy and changes during this period may vary for every woman and family, resulting in different reactions, perceptions, and even problems for adjustment. Factors influencing women's adaptation to pregnancy include their personal experience, cultural level and readiness for motherhood, family members' attitudes towards pregnancy, socio-economic structure of the family, pre-existing physical and mental illnesses in women, high risk situations in previous pregnancies, number of children in the family, willing or planning pregnancy and social support systems. These and other related factors can be decisive in women's perception of pregnancy. Therefore, pregnant woman,the spouse and the family need for care and education in order to be able to adapt to physical and psychosocial aspects of this new situation. A comprehensive and qualified prenatal care offered in a holistic approach will raise maternal and infant health by meeting this requirement to a significant extent. As a matter of fact, it is stated that women who attend the antenatal education and / or childbirth preparation programs have more positive perceptions about their pregnancies and their adjustment processes are completed more easily. In this article, perception of pregnancy and affecting factors in women will be discussed in the light of literature.