Objectives: The aim of this study is to identify the schizophrenia patients attending the rehabilitation programs conducted in community mental health centers, in terms of demographic variables, characteristics related to the ailment,adaptation to the treatment and self-efficacies.Methods: The present study, which was planned as a comparative-descriptive study, was conducted at the Community Mental Health Center in Amasya from January through March 2016. The group of this study was comprised of 64patients, diagnosed with schizophrenia, half of whom would regularly participate in the rehabilitation program. Thecharacteristics of both groups of schizophrenia patients were similar in terms of age, gender, age at the onset of the disease and duration of disease. Data obtained by personal information form, Morisky Adherence Scale, and Self-EfficacyScale, was analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 software package.Results: 71.9% of patients having attended the rehabilitation programs had been participating in the programs forlonger than 6 months. 50% of the patients who had attended the programs and 25% of the patients who had notattended any program were consistent with the treatment. Although there were no significant differences betweengroups in terms of the level of medication adherence, schizophrenia patients participating in the rehabilitation program displayed higher levels of medication adherence. Female and single patients were more adaptable than maleand married patients to treatment, respectively. The scale of self-efficacy mean score was found as 61.28±12.09 for thegroup having attended the programs, and 62.82±11.16 for those not having attended. There was no significant difference in self-efficacy scores between the two groups.Conclusion: In this study, schizophrenia patients having attended rehabilitation programs display a higher adaptationto treatment than those not having attended. In this regard, it was recommended that patients should be encouragedto participate to rehabilitation programs.