Fatalistic Tendency as a Predict of Disaster Preparedness Beliefs in University Students

DEMİRBİLEK, Ömer; UZMAN, ERSIN

doi:10.35341/afet.1249312

Fatalistic Tendency as a Predict of Disaster Preparedness Beliefs in University Students

Ömer DEMİRBİLEK, (Sinop Üniversitesi, Türkeli Meslek Yüksekokulu, Mülkiyet Koruma ve Güvenlik Bölümü, Sinop, Türkiye)

Ersin UZMAN (Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Eğitim Fakültesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Bölümü, Çanakkale, Türkiye)

Afet ve Risk Dergisi

4 1

Yıl: 2023 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3 Sayfa Aralığı: 942 - 960 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.35341/afet.1249312 İndeks Tarihi: 18-10-2023

Fatalistic Tendency as a Predict of Disaster Preparedness Beliefs in University Students

Öz:

This study aims to examine whether fatalism tendency is a predictor of disaster preparedness belief in university students. In this study in which correlational research design was used, the data were obtained by convenience sampling method from the students studying at a university and voluntarily participating in the study. Demographic information form, fatalism scale and disaster preparedness belief scale were used as data collection tools. Data were collected through online forms. A total of 212 university students with an average age of 19.92±1.46 years, mostly 169 (79.72%) of whom were female, participated in the study. Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were used to analyse the data. As a result of the study, fatalism tendencies of the students were found to be moderate and disaster preparedness belief levels were found to be high. When the relationships between the participants' fatalistic tendencies and disaster preparedness beliefs were analysed, a significant negative relationship was found between fatalistic tendency and disaster preparedness beliefs. The results showed that as the perception of personal control weakened and the belief in luck and superstition increased, the belief in disaster preparedness decreased. In addition, regression analysis revealed that the weak perception of personal control and the tendency to believe in luck and superstitious beliefs contributed to the belief in disaster preparedness.

Anahtar Kelime: Disaster Disaster Preparedness Belief Fate Fatalism Faith Tendencies University Students

Fatalistic Tendency as a Predict of Disaster Preparedness Beliefs in University Students

Öz:

Anahtar Kelime: Disaster Disaster Preparedness Belief Fate Fatalism Faith Tendencies University Students

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

Akalın, S., Şakiroglu, M., Tunç, B., and Eren, S. (2020). Depreme onlem alma davranışını yordayan bazı degişkenlerin incelenmesi: aydın ili ornegi. Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitusu Dergisi, 22(3), 977–993. https://doi.org/10.16953/deusosbil.528570
Armstrong-Jones R. (1929). Superstition. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. 23(2):135-141. doi:10.1177/003591572902300236
Avcı, G. (2023). Afet Egitiminde Afetlere Hazırlık: Universite Ogrencileriyle Tehlike Avı. Afet ve Risk Dergisi, 6 (1), 84-100. https://doi.org/ 10.35341/afet.1149239
Babcicky, P., and Seebauer, S. (2019). Unpacking Protection Motivation Theory: Evidence for a separate protective and non-protective route in private flood mitigation behavior. Journal of Risk Research, 22(12), 1503–1521. https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2018.1485175
Baytiyeh, H., and Ocal, A. (2016). High school students’ perceptions of earthquake disaster: A comparative study of Lebanon and Turkey. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 18, 56–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2016.06.004
Becker, J. S., Paton, D., Johnston, D. M., and Ronan, K. R. (2013). Salient beliefs about earthquake hazards and household preparedness. Risk Analysis: An Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis, 33(9), 1710– 1727. https://doi.org/10.1111/risa.12014
Bilik, M. B. (2019). Depremleri Anlamlandırma ve Açıklama Biçimlerinin Sismik Risk Azaltma Sureçlerine Etkisi Açısından 2011 Van Depremleri. Resilience Journal, 3(2), 229–237. https://doi.org/10.32569/resilience.605213
Bulu, D. (2023). Sınıf Ogretmenlerinin Afet Bilinci Algı Duzeylerinin Belirlenmesi. Yuksek Lisans Tezi, Lisansustu Egitim Enstitusu, Bartın Universitesi
Çelik, I. (2020). Afet risk algısının kultur ve kişilikle ilişkisi. Doktora Tezi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitusu, Gumuşhane Universitesi.
Çevirme, H. (2020). A cultural approach to earthquake copng strategıes: examples of Turkish folk poems and memorates. Motif Academy Journal of Folklore, 13(31), 1073–1087. https://doi.org/10.12981/mahder.764467
Cohn, L. D., and Oscar Armando, Esparza del Villar. (2015). Fatalism and health behavior: A meta-analytic review. Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico
Damisch, L., Stoberock, B., and Mussweiler, T. (2010). Keep your fingers crossed! How superstition improves performance. Psychological Science, 21(7), 1014–1020. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797610372631
Davis, C., Weber, M., and Schulenberg, S.E: Green, J.J (2019). University Students’ Disaster Preparedness: A Focus Group Study. Best Practices in Mental Health, 15(2).
Demirci, K. (2021). Izmir Kent Yerleşiklerinin Temel Afet Bilgi ve Bilinç Duzeyinin Olçulmesi. Afet Ve Risk Dergisi, 4(2), 395–412. https://doi.org/10.35341/afet.992596
Dogan, M. (2021). Universite Ogrencilerinin Kader Algıları: Metaforik Bir Araştırma. Kader, 19(2), 645–677. https://doi.org/10.18317/kaderdergi.1010464
Dogulu, C. (2018). Bir Sosyal Psikolog Gozuyle Afetler. PiVOLKA, 8(27), 13–15. http://elyadal.org/pivolka/27/PiVOLKA_27_04.pdf
Ecker, U. K. H., Lewandowsky, S., Cook, J., Schmid, P., Fazio, L. K., Brashier, N., Kendeou, P., Vraga, E. K., and Amazeen, M. A. (2022). The psychological drivers of misinformation belief and its resistance to correction. Nature Reviews Psychology, 1(1), 13–29.
Entwistle, T. (2021). Why nudge sometimes fails: fatalism and the problem of behaviour change. Policy and Politics, 49(1), 87–103. https://doi.org/10.1332/030557320X15832072208458
Ertugrul, B., and Unal, S. D. (2020). Bir Vakıf Universitesi Saglık Hizmetleri Meslek Yuksekokulunda Ogrenim Goren Ogrencilerin Genel Afete Hazırlıklı Olma Inanç Durumlarının Belirlenmesi. Afet ve Risk Dergisi, 3(1), 31–45. https://doi.org/10.35341/afet.653911
Fothergill, A., Palumbo, M. V., Rambur, B., Reinier, K., and McIntosh, B. (2005). The volunteer potential of inactive nurses for disaster preparedness. Public Health Nursing, 22(5), 414–421. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0737-1209.2005.220506.x
Geng, J., and Lei, L. (2021). Relationship between stressful life events and cyberbullying perpetration: Roles of fatalism and self-compassion. Child Abuse and Neglect, 120, 105176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105176
George, D., and Mallery, M. (2010). SPSS for Windows Step by Step: A Simple Guide and Reference, 17.0 update (10a ed.) Boston: Pearson
Georgieva, I., Lepping, P., Bozev, V., Lickiewicz, J., Pekara, J., Wikman, S., and Lantta, T. (2021). Prevalence, new incidence, course, and risk factors of PTSD, depression, anxiety, and panic disorder during the COVID- 19 pandemic in 11 countries. Healthcare, 1, 9, 664.
Gerdan, S. (2014). Determination of Disaster Awareness, Attitude Levels, and Individual Priorities at Kocaeli University. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 55, 159-176
Go, E., and You, K. H. (2018). Health-Related Online Information Seeking and Behavioral Outcomes: Fatalism and Self-Efficacy as Mediators. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 46(5), 871–879. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.6501
Goenjian A.K., Steinberg A.M., Najarian L.M. (2000). Prospective study of posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depressive reactions after earthquake and political violence. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 157(6):911–916. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.157.6.911.
Hayes, J., and Clerk, L. (2021). Fatalism in the Early Days of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Implications for Mitigation and Mental Health. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 560092. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.560092
Inal, E. (2015). Acil durumlara/afetlere bireysel hazırlıgı degerlendirmek için saglık inanç modeli'ne dayalı olçek geliştirme. Doktora Tezi, Halk Saglıgı Enstitusu, Hacettepe Universitesi
Inal, E., Altintas, K. H., and Dogan, N. (2018). The Development of a General Disaster Preparedness Belief Scale Using the Health Belief Model as a Theoretical Framework. International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 5(1), 146–158. https://doi.org/10.21449/ijate.366825
Inal, E., Kocagoz, S., and Turan, M. (2012). Basic Disaster Consciousness and Preparation Levels. Turkish Journal of Emergency Medicine, 12(1), 15–19.
Inmez, I. (2011). Afetlerin Dogallıgı Uzerine: Sosyal Bir Olgu Olarak Afetler ve Kırılganlık Sorunu. Ankara Universitesi SBF Dergisi, 66(4), 185–194. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/35849
Janz, N. K., and Becker, M. H. (1984). The Health Belief Model: A decade later. Health Education Quarterly, 11(1), 1–47. https://doi.org/10.1177/109019818401100101
Joffe, H., Rossetto, T., Solberg, C., and O'Connor, C. (2013). Social Representations of Earthquakes: A Study of People Living in Three Highly Seismic Areas. Earthquake Spectra, 29(2), 367–397. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.4000138
John McClure. (2017). Fatalism, Causal Reasoning, and Natural Hazards. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Natural Hazard Science. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780199389407.013.39
Jones, C. L., Jensen, J. D., Scherr, C. L., Brown, N. R., Christy, K., and Weaver, J. (2015). The Health Belief Model as an explanatory framework in communication research: Exploring parallel, serial, and moderated mediation. Health Communication, 30(6), 566–576. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2013.873363.
Karaman, F. (2020). Tevekkul, Kader Baglamında Deprem ve Sorumluluk Bilinci. Diyanet Ilmı Dergi, 56(3), 903–936. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1064894
Karanci, A., Aksit, B., and Dirik, G. (2005). Impact of a community disaster awareness training program in Turkey: Does it influence hazard-related cognitions and preparedness behaviors. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 33(3), 243–258. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2005.33.3.243
Kasapoglu, A., and Ecevit, M. (2003). Impact of the 1999 East Marmara Earthquake in Turkey. Population and Environment, 24(4), 339–358. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1023/A:1022453722574.pdf
Kaya, A., and Bozkur, B. (2015). Kadercilik Egilimi Olçeginin Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik Ve Guvenirlik Çalışması. Mersin Universitesi Egitim Fakultesi Dergisi, 11(3), 935–946.
Keeley, B., Wright, L., and Condit, C. M. (2009). Functions of health fatalism: Fatalistic talk as face saving, uncertainty management, stress relief and sense making. Sociology of Health and Illness, 31(5), 734–747.
Kılıç, M., and Malak, B. (2022). Afet Risk Yonetimi Çerçevesinde COVID-19 Hastalıgına Yakalanmış Kişilerin Kader Algısı ve Ahlaki Olgunluk Duzeylerinin Degerlendirilmesi. Afet Ve Risk Dergisi, 5(2), 473–494. https://doi.org/10.35341/afet.1014571
Kim, Y., and Lee, H. (2021). Sleep problems among disaster victims: a long-term survey on the life changes of disaster victims in Korea. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 18(6): 3294. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063294
Kino, S., Aida, J., Kondo, K., Kawachi, I. (2021). Persistent mental health impacts of disaster. Five-year follow- up after the 2011 great east Japan earthquake and tsunami: Iwanuma Study. J Psychiatr Res. 136:452-459. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.08.016.
Langer, E. J. (1977). The Psychology of Chance. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 7(2), 185–203. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5914.1977.tb00384.x
Leach, A. (1915). Fatalism of the Greeks. The American Journal of Philology, 36(4), 373-401
Lee, E. W. J., and Shi, J. (2022). Examining the roles of fatalism, stigma, and risk perception on cancer information seeking and avoidance among Chinese adults in Hong Kong. Journal of Psychosocial Oncology, 40(4), 425–440. https://doi.org/10.1080/07347332.2021.1957061
Lehman, D. R., and Taylor, S. E. (1987). Date with an Earthquake. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 13(4), 546–555. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167287134011
Lu, J., Luo, M., Yee, A. Z. H., Sheldenkar, A., Lau, J., and Lwin, M. O. (2019). Do superstitious beliefs affect influenza vaccine uptake through shaping health beliefs? Vaccine, 37(8), 1046–1052. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.01.017
Ma, Y., Zhu, W., Zhang, H., Zhao, P., Wang, Y., and Zhang, Q. (2021). The Factors Affecting Volunteers’ Willingness to Participate in Disaster Preparedness. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(8), 4141. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084141
Maercker, A., Ben-Ezra, M., Esparza, O. A., and Augsburger, M. (2019). Fatalism as a traditional cultural belief potentially relevant to trauma sequelae: Measurement equivalence, extent, and associations in six countries. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 10(1), 1657371. https://doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2019.1657371
Makwana N. (2019). Disaster and its impact on mental health: A narrative review. J Family Med Prim Care. 31;8(10):3090-3095. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_893_19.
Martin, U. (2015). Health after disaster: A perspective of psychological/health reactions to disaster, Cogent Psychology, 2:1, 1053741, https://doi.org/10.10 80/23311908.2015.1053741
Maurice, J. (2013). Mitigating disasters—a promising start. The Lancet, 381(9878), 1611–1613. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61008-9
Mulılıs, J.-P., Duval, T. S., and Rombach, D. (2001). Personal Responsibility for Tornado Preparedness: Commitment or Choice? Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 31(8), 1659–1688. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2001.tb02745.x
Neumayer, E., Plumper, T., and Barthel, F. (2014). The political economy of natural disaster damage. Global Environmental Change, 24, 8–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.03.011
Nordfjærn, T., Şimşekoglu, O., and Rundmo, T. (2012). A comparison of road traffic culture, risk assessment and speeding predictors between Norway and Turkey. Risk Management, 14(3), 202–221. https://doi.org/10.1057/rm.2012.5
Oncu, E., Altunkan, H., Vayısoglu S.K, and Ayaz, M. (2021). COVID-19 Pandemi surecinde kaderciligin etkisi ve salgın tedbirlerine uyum ozellikleri: Vaka-kontrol çalışması. Mersin Universitesi Saglık Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(1), 113–124. https://doi.org/10.26559/mersinsbd.890145
Orji, R., Vassileva, J., and Mandryk, R. (2012). Towards an effective health interventions design: An extension of the health belief model. Online Journal of Public Health Informatics, 4(3). https://doi.org/10.5210/ojphi.v4i3.4321
Ozmen, B., and Ozden, A. (2013). Turkiye’nin afet yonetim sistemine ilişkin eleştirel bir degerlendirme. I.U. Siyasal Bilgiler Fakultesi Dergisi (49), 1–28. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/5712
Pajardi, D., Vagni, M., La Spada, V., and Cubico, S. (2020). International Cooperation in Developing Countries: Reducing Fatalism and Promoting Self-Efficacy to Ensure Sustainable Cooperation. Sustainability, 12(2), 547. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12020547
Pathirage, C., Seneviratne, K., Amaratunga, D., and Haigh, R. (2012). Managing disaster knowledge: identification of knowledge factors and challenges. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 3(3), 237–252. https://doi.org/10.1108/17595901211263620
Powe, B. D., and Finnie, R. (2003). Cancer fatalism: The state of the science. Cancer Nursing, 26(6), 454-467. https://doi.org/10.1097/00002820-200312000-00005
Rippl, S. (2002). Cultural theory and risk perception: a proposal for a better measurement. Journal of Risk Research, 5(2), 147–165. https://doi.org/10.1080/13669870110042598
Rosenstock, I. M. (1974). The Health Belief Model and Preventive Health Behavior. Health Education Monographs, 2(4), 354–386. https://doi.org/10.1177/109019817400200405
Rostami-Moez, M., Rabiee-Yeganeh, M., Shokouhi, M., Dosti-Irani, A., and Rezapur-Shahkolai, F. (2020). Earthquake preparedness of households and its predictors based on health belief model. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 646. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08814-2
Ruiu, G. (2013). The Origin of Fatalistic Tendencies: An Empirical Investigation. ECONOMICS and SOCIOLOGY, 6(2), 103–125. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2013/6-2/10
Şahin, Y., Lamba, M., and Oztop, S. (2018). Universite Ogrencilerinin Afet Bilinci ve Afete Hazırlık Duzeylerinin Belirlenmesi. Medeniyet Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(6)
Sarık, M. E., and Cengiz, S. (2022). Hastane Afet ve Acil Durum Planı Egitim, Hazırlık Duzeyi ve Çalışanların Bilgi Seviyelerinin Tespit Edilmesi: Antalya Ili Ornegi. Gumuşhane Universitesi Saglık Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(1), 122-132.
Shahnazi, H., Ahmadi-Livani, M., Pahlavanzadeh, B., Rajabi, A., Hamrah, M. S., and Charkazi, A. (2020). Assessing preventive health behaviors from COVID-19: A cross sectional study with health belief model in Golestan Province, Northern of Iran (No. 1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00776-2
Shen, L., Condit, C. M., and Wright, L. (2009). The psychometric property and validation of a fatalism scale. Psychology and Health, 24(5), 597–613. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870440801902535
Skinner, C., Tiro, J., and Champion, V. (2015). The health belief model. In K. Glanz, B. K. Rimer, and K. Viswanath (Eds.), Jossey-Bass Public Health. Health behavior: Theory, Research, and Practice (pp. 75–94). Jossey-Bass.
Straughan, P. T., and Seow, A. (1995). Fatalism Reconceptualized: A Concept to Predict Health Screening Behavior. Journal of Gender, Culture, and Health, 3(2), 85–100.
Strecher, V., Champion, V., and Rosentock, I. M. (1997). The health belief model. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Sutton, S. (2001). Health Behavior: Psychosocial Theories. In N. J. Smelser and P. B. Baltes (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences pp. 6499–6506
T. C. Kalkınma Bakanlıgı (2014). Onuncu Kalkınma Planı (2014-2018). Afet yonetiminde etkinlik. Ozel Ihtisas Komisyonu Raporu. Kalkınma Bakanlıgı, Ankara
Thompson, S. C., Tıng, S., Gonzalez, A., and Ryan, A. (2011). Could That Happen to Me? Individual Differences in Perceptions of Threat and Intentions to Take Protective Action. Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research, 16(2), 78–97. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9861.2011.00066.x
Torani, S., Majd, P. M., Maroufi, S. S., Dowlati, M., and Sheikhi, R. A. (2019). The importance of education on disasters and emergencies: A review article. J Educ Health Promot. 24;8:85. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_262_18. PMID: 31143802; PMCID: PMC6512217.
Unal Y., Işık E., Şahin S., and Tekeli Yeşil S. (2017). Saglık afet çalışanlarının depremlere ilişkin bireysel hazırlık duzeylerinin degerlendirilmesi: Ulusal Medikal Kurtarma Ekipleri (UMKE) Dernegi ornegi. Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Tıp Fakultesi Dergisi. 2017; 31(2): 71-80.
UNISDR. (2009). Terminology on for Disaster Reduction. United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction.
URL 1, https://www.preventionweb.net/publication/cred-crunch-issue-no-62-may-2021-year-review- 2020-global-trends-and-perspectives (Son Erişim:13.03.2022)
URL 2, https://www.ifrc.org/our-work/disasters-climate-and-crises/what-disaster (Son Erişim:17.06.2022)
URL 3, https://meb.gov.tr/japonya-uluslararasi-isbirligi-ajansi-ile-protokol-imzalandi/haber/14227/tr (Son Erişim:07.06.2022)
URL 4, https://www.icisleri.gov.tr/26-3-milyon-kisiye-afet-egitimi-verildi (Son Erişim: 08.07.2022)
URL 5, https://www.afad.gov.tr/kurumlar/afad.gov.tr/e_Kutuphane/Kurumsal- Raporlar/2020_IdareFaaliyetRaporu_v2.pdf (Son Erişim: 13.07.2022)
URL 6, https://www.afad.gov.tr/2022-afet-tatbikat-yili-ulke-genelinde-yogun-uygulamalarla-devam- ediyor--basin-bulteni (Son Erişim: 09.07.2022)
URL 7, https://www.meb.gov.tr/psikososyal-destek-eylem-plani-ve-psikososyal-destek-programlari- yayimlandi/haber/29014/tr
Vanderpool, R. C., van Dressler, E. M., Stradtman, L. R., and Crosby, R. A. (2015). Fatalistic beliefs and completion of the HPV vaccination series among a sample of young Appalachian Kentucky women. The Journal of Rural Health: Official Journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association, 31(2), 199–205. https://doi.org/10.1111/jrh.12102
Xi, Y. J. et al. (2020). Post-traumatic stress disorder and the role of resilience, social support, anxiety, and depression after the Jiuzhaigou earthquake: A structural equation model. Asian Journal of Psychiatry 49: 101958
Yavuz, Y. Ş. (2001). TDV Islam Ansiklopedisi: Kader. TDV, Istanbul
Yıldız, M., Yıldırım, M. S., Elkoca, A., Sarpdağı, Y., Aydın, M. A., Kabak, T., and Gökhan, D. (2023). Consanguineous marriage, health literacy and fatalism levels of different generations: A descriptive- correlational study in a sample from Turkey. Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(2), 197-207.
Yumagulova, L., Phibbs, S., Kenney, C. M., Yellow Old Woman-Munro, D., Christianson, A. C., McGee, T. K., and Whitehair, R. (2021). The role of disaster volunteering in Indigenous communities. Environmental Hazards, 20(1), 45–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2019.1657791
Zuo, B., Zhang, X., Wen, F.-F., and Zhao, Y. (2020). The influence of stressful life events on depression among Chinese university students: Multiple mediating roles of fatalism and core self-evaluations. Journal of Affective Disorders, 260, 84–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.08.083

APA	DEMİRBİLEK Ö, UZMAN E (2023). Fatalistic Tendency as a Predict of Disaster Preparedness Beliefs in University Students. , 942 - 960. 10.35341/afet.1249312
Chicago	DEMİRBİLEK Ömer,UZMAN ERSIN Fatalistic Tendency as a Predict of Disaster Preparedness Beliefs in University Students. (2023): 942 - 960. 10.35341/afet.1249312
MLA	DEMİRBİLEK Ömer,UZMAN ERSIN Fatalistic Tendency as a Predict of Disaster Preparedness Beliefs in University Students. , 2023, ss.942 - 960. 10.35341/afet.1249312
AMA	DEMİRBİLEK Ö,UZMAN E Fatalistic Tendency as a Predict of Disaster Preparedness Beliefs in University Students. . 2023; 942 - 960. 10.35341/afet.1249312
Vancouver	DEMİRBİLEK Ö,UZMAN E Fatalistic Tendency as a Predict of Disaster Preparedness Beliefs in University Students. . 2023; 942 - 960. 10.35341/afet.1249312
IEEE	DEMİRBİLEK Ö,UZMAN E "Fatalistic Tendency as a Predict of Disaster Preparedness Beliefs in University Students." , ss.942 - 960, 2023. 10.35341/afet.1249312
ISNAD	DEMİRBİLEK, Ömer - UZMAN, ERSIN. "Fatalistic Tendency as a Predict of Disaster Preparedness Beliefs in University Students". (2023), 942-960. https://doi.org/10.35341/afet.1249312

APA	DEMİRBİLEK Ö, UZMAN E (2023). Fatalistic Tendency as a Predict of Disaster Preparedness Beliefs in University Students. Afet ve Risk Dergisi, 6(3), 942 - 960. 10.35341/afet.1249312
Chicago	DEMİRBİLEK Ömer,UZMAN ERSIN Fatalistic Tendency as a Predict of Disaster Preparedness Beliefs in University Students. Afet ve Risk Dergisi 6, no.3 (2023): 942 - 960. 10.35341/afet.1249312
MLA	DEMİRBİLEK Ömer,UZMAN ERSIN Fatalistic Tendency as a Predict of Disaster Preparedness Beliefs in University Students. Afet ve Risk Dergisi, vol.6, no.3, 2023, ss.942 - 960. 10.35341/afet.1249312
AMA	DEMİRBİLEK Ö,UZMAN E Fatalistic Tendency as a Predict of Disaster Preparedness Beliefs in University Students. Afet ve Risk Dergisi. 2023; 6(3): 942 - 960. 10.35341/afet.1249312
Vancouver	DEMİRBİLEK Ö,UZMAN E Fatalistic Tendency as a Predict of Disaster Preparedness Beliefs in University Students. Afet ve Risk Dergisi. 2023; 6(3): 942 - 960. 10.35341/afet.1249312
IEEE	DEMİRBİLEK Ö,UZMAN E "Fatalistic Tendency as a Predict of Disaster Preparedness Beliefs in University Students." Afet ve Risk Dergisi, 6, ss.942 - 960, 2023. 10.35341/afet.1249312
ISNAD	DEMİRBİLEK, Ömer - UZMAN, ERSIN. "Fatalistic Tendency as a Predict of Disaster Preparedness Beliefs in University Students". Afet ve Risk Dergisi 6/3 (2023), 942-960. https://doi.org/10.35341/afet.1249312