ONLINE HISTORY LESSONS CONDUCTED DURING THE EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING PROCESS IN TURKEY: A REVIEW OF TEACHERS' OPINIONS
Yıl: 2022 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4 Sayfa Aralığı: 1875 - 1899 Metin Dili: İngilizce İndeks Tarihi: 05-05-2023
ONLINE HISTORY LESSONS CONDUCTED DURING THE EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING PROCESS IN TURKEY: A REVIEW OF TEACHERS' OPINIONS
Öz: The study aims to examine the online history course design practices and approaches of history teachers in the emergency remote teaching process in Turkey during the COVID 19 global epidemic. In the study survey method is used based on qualitative data obtained via opinions of the teachers. The participants were composed of randomly selected 44 history teachers in state high schools in Aksaray. The data were collected via a semi structured interview form developed by the researcher. The obtained data were analyzed through nonparametric descriptive tests such as frequency and percentage as well as direct quotations of the teachers. The results have revealed that history teachers mostly conduct their online history lessons through ZOOM and EBA digital platforms, and they try to implement the teaching methods and techniques, tools and materials and activities that they use during face- to-face education in these lessons. The results of the research also reveal that history teachers use the textbooks prepared for face-to-face education as basic education materials in the emergency remote teaching process, give homework to the students as much as possible and follow up, and try to implement different assessment and evaluation activities. While the participating history teachers find the online history lessons generally useful, they see the low student interest and participation in the lessons as the most important problem. It is suggested that different dimensions of distance education should also be examined the in line with the opinions of teachers and students.
Anahtar Kelime: Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Derleme Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
- Akgül, G. ve Oran, M. (2020). Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenlerinin, Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Ve Öğrenci Velilerinin Pandemi Sürecindeki Uzaktan Eğitime İlişkin Görüşleri. Eğitimde Yeni Yaklaşımlar Dergisi. 3(2), 5-37.
- Alper, A. (2020). Pandemi sürecinde K-12 Düzeyinde uzaktan eğitim: Durum çalışması. Milli Eğitim Dergisi, 49(1), 45- 67.
- Anderson, J. (2020). The coronavirus pandemic is reshaping education Quartz, 30 March. https://qz.com/1826369/how-coronavirus-is-changing-education/.
- Arslan, Y. ve Şumuer, E. (2020). Covıd-19 Döneminde Sanal Sınıflarda Öğretmenlerin Karşılaştıkları Sınıf Yönetimi Sorunları. Milli Eğitim, 49(Special issue 1), 201-230.
- Bakioğlu, B., Çevik, M. (2020). COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde fen bilimleri öğretmenlerinin uzaktan eğitime ilişkin görüşleri. Turkish Studies, 15(4), 109-129. https://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.43502
- Başaran, M., Doğan. E., Karaoğlu, E. ve Şahin, E. (2020). Koronavirüs (Covid-19) Pandemi Sürecinin Getirisi Olan Uzaktan Eğitimin Etkililiği Üzerine Bir Çalışma. AJER - Academia Eğitim AraĢtırmaları Dergisi. 5(2), 368-397.
- Beaunoyer, E., Dupere, S. and Guitton, M.J. (2020) COVID-19 and Digital Inequalities: Reciprocal Impacts and Mitigation Strategies. Computers in Human Behavior, 111, Article ID: 106424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106424
- Blume, C. (2020). German Teachers’ Digital Habitus and Their Pandemic Pedagogy. Postdigital Science and Education, 2020,(2):879–905 https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438- 020-00174-9
- Bond, M. (2020). Schools and emergency remote education during the COVID-19 pandemic: A living rapid systematic review. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(2), 191–247. https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.4425683
- Bozkurt, A., & Sharma, R. (2020). Emergency remote teaching in a time of global crisis due to CoronaVirus pandemic. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), i–vi. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3778083
- Czerniewicz, L., Trotter, H., & Haupt, G. (2019). Online teaching in response to student protests and campus shutdowns: Academics’ perspectives. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16(1), 43–65. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239- 019-0170-1.
- Demir, F. ve Özdaş, F. (2020). Covıd-19 Sürecindeki Uzaktan Eğitime İlişkin Öğretmen Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi. Milli Eğitim, 49(Special issue 1), 273-292.
- Demircioğlu, İ. H. (2012). Tarih öğretimi, öğretim teknolojileri ve materyal tasarımı. İ. H. Demircioğlu ve İ. Turan (Ed.), Tarih öğretiminde öğretim teknolojileri ve materyal tasarımı içinde (ss. 1-12). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayınevi.
- Durmuş, A. ve Eryılmaz Toksoy, S. (2022). Eba canlı ders uygulaması hakkında öğretmen görüşleri. e- Kafkas Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9, 299-312. doi:10.30900/kafkasegt.998812
- Emin, M. N. ve Altunel, M. (2021). Koronavirüs sürecinde Türkiye’nin uzaktan eğitim deneyimi, Ankara: SETA Yayınları.
- Ergüven, İ. H. ve Pamuk, A. (2022). Tarih öğretmenlerinin eğitim teknolojisi ile ilgili özyeterliliklerinin ve tutumlarının incelenmesi. Marmara Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 56, 253-272.
- Fisher, J., Languilaire, J. C., Lawthom, R., Nieuwenhuis, R., Petts, R. J., Runswick-Cole, K. & Yerkes, M. A. (2020) Community, work, and family in times of COVID-19, Community, Work & Family, 23:3, 247-252, DOI: 10.1080/13668803.2020.1756568
- Francom, G., M., Lee, S. J., Pinkney, H. (2021). Technologies, Challenges and Needs of K- 12 Teachers in the Transition to Distance Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic. TechTrends, 65:589–601 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-021-00625-5
- Golden, C. (2020). Remote teaching: The glass half-full. Educause Review. https://er.educause.edu/blogs/2020/3/remote-teaching-the-glass-half-full
- Gören, S. Ç., Gök, F. S., Yalçın, M. T., Göregen, F. ve Çalışkan, M. (2020). Küresel Salgın Sürecinde Uzaktan Eğitimin Değerlendirilmesi: Ankara Örneği. Milli Eğitim. 49(Special issue 1), 69-94.
- Greenhow, C., Lewin, C., Willet, K. B. S. (2021). The educational response to Covid-19 across two countries: a critical examination of initial digital pedagogy adoption. Technology Pedagogy and Education 30 (1),7-25.
- Greenwood, M. (2020, April 27). ‘Ministers must go further and faster on online access’. Tes. https://www.tes.com/news/ ministers-must-go-further-and-faster-online-access
- Gülbahar, Y. (2008). Improving The Technology Integration Skills Of Prospective Teachers Through Practice: a case study. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology – TOJET, 7(4), 71-81.
- Güngör Akıncı, B. A. ve Dilek, D. (2012). Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretiminde Temsili Resim Kullanımıyla Tarihsel Düşünme Becerilerinin Geliştirilmesi. Marmara Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 36, 5-23.
- Herold, B. (2020, April 10). The disparities in remote learning under coronavirus (in charts). Education Week. https://www. edweek.org/ew/articles/2020/04/10/the-disparities-in- remote-learning-under-coronavirus.html
- Hodges, C., Moore, S., Lockee, B., Trust, T., & Bond, A. (2020). The difference between emergency remote teaching and online learning. EDUCAUSE Review. https://er.educause.edu/articles/2020/3/the-difference-between-emergencyremote- teaching-and-online-learning
- Köller, O., Fleckenstein, J., Guill, K., & Meyer, J. (2020). Pädagogische und didaktische Anforderungen an die häusliche Aufgabenbearbeitung. DDS – Die Deutsche Schule, 16, 163–174.
- Köstüklü, N. (2003). Sosyal bilimler ve tarih öğretimi. Konya: Günay Ofset.
- Kurnaz, A., Kaynar, H., Şentürk Barışık, C. ve Doğrukök, B. (2020). Öğretmenlerin uzaktan eğitime ilişkin görüşleri. Milli Eğitim, 49(Special issue 1), 293-322.
- Kurtz, H. Y., & Herold, B. (2020). Opinion of DeVos plunging, truancy rising: 10 key findings from latest EdWeek survey. Education Week. https://www.edweek.org/ew/articles/2020/04/27/opinion-of-devos-plunging-truancy- rising -10.html
- Lucas, M., Nelson, J., & Sims, D. (2020). Schools’ responses to Covid-19: Pupil engagement in remote learning. NFER.
- Means, B., Toyama, Y., Murphy, R., Bakia, M., & Jones, K. (2009). Evaluation of evidence- based practices in online learning: A meta-analysis and review of online learning studies. U.S. Department of Education, Office of Planning, Evaluation, and Policy Development. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED505824
- MEB (2020a). EBA Canlı Sınıf Artık Daha Fazla Öğrencinin Kullanımında. https://yegitek.meb.gov.tr/www/eba-canli-sinif-artik-daha-fazla-ogrencinin- kullaniminda/icerik/3039
- MEB (2020b). Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Uygulamaları. http://ogm.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2021_03/08134508_23.pdf
- MEB (2021a). Sayılarla uzaktan eğitim. https://yegitek.meb.gov.tr/www/sayilarla-uzaktan- egitim/icerik/3237
- MEB (2021b). 2020-2021 Eğitim ve Öğretim Yılı Yılsonu İşlemleri. http://ogm.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2021_06/14105516_32.pdf
- Mishra, P. & Koehler, M. J. (2006). Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge: A Framework for Teacher Knowledge. Teachers College Record, 108 (6), 1017– 1054.
- OECD (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on education - Insights from Education at a Glance 2020 https://www.oecd.org/education/the-impact-of-covid-19-on-education-insights- education-at-a-glance-2020.pdf
- Özdoğan, A. Ç. ve Berkant, H. G. (2020). Covıd-19 Pandemi Dönemindeki Uzaktan Eğitime İlişkin Paydaş Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi. 49(Special issue 1), 13-43.
- Protopsaltis, S., & Baum, S. (2019). Does online education live up to its promise? A look at the evidence and implications for federal policy. George Mason University, Center for Education Policy and Evaluation. https://jesperbalslev.dk/wp- content/uploads/2020/09/OnlineEd.pdf
- Stewart, C. J. ve Cash, W. B. (1985). Interwiewing: Principles and Practices. Dördüncü Baskı, Dubuque IO: Wm. C. Brown Pub.
- Şimşek, A. (2003). Tarih öğretiminde görsel materyal kullanımı. G. Ü. Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 4 (1), 143-157.
- Tallent-Runnels, M. K., Thomas, J. A., Lan, W. Y., Cooper, W. Y., Lan, S., Ahern, T. C., Shaw, S. M., & Liu, X. (2006). Teaching courses online: A review of the research. Review of Educational Research, 76(1), 93–135. https://doi.org/10.3102/ 00346543076001093
- Taş, M. (2017). Tarih Öğretmenlerinin Eğitimde Teknoloji Entegrasyonuna İlişkin Algı Ve Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü İlköğretim Anabilim dalı Sosyal Bilgiler Eğitimi Programı yüksek lisans Tezi. Ankara.
- Taşkın, G. ve Aksoy, G. (2021). Uzaktan Eğitim Hakkında Öğretmen Görüşleri. Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 52, s. 622-647.
- TEDMEM (2021). Türkiye’nin Telafi Eğitimi Yol Haritası. turkiyenin-telafi-egitimi-yol- haritasi (tedmem.org) adresinden erişilmiştir.
- UNESCO (2020). The socio-cultural impact of COVID-19 Exploring the role of intercultural dialogue in emerging responses https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000374186
- UNICEF (2020). Education and COVID-19 https://data.unicef.org/topic/education/covid-19/
- UN (United Nations) (2020). COVID-19 and Human Rights We are all in this together APRIL 2020 https://www.un.org/victimsofterrorism/sites/www.un.org.victimsofterrorism/files/un_- _human_rights_and_covid_april_2020.pdf
- WHO (2020). WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 11 March 2020 https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director- general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020
- Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2003). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınevi.
APA | Turan R (2022). ONLINE HISTORY LESSONS CONDUCTED DURING THE EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING PROCESS IN TURKEY: A REVIEW OF TEACHERS' OPINIONS. , 1875 - 1899. |
Chicago | Turan Refik ONLINE HISTORY LESSONS CONDUCTED DURING THE EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING PROCESS IN TURKEY: A REVIEW OF TEACHERS' OPINIONS. (2022): 1875 - 1899. |
MLA | Turan Refik ONLINE HISTORY LESSONS CONDUCTED DURING THE EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING PROCESS IN TURKEY: A REVIEW OF TEACHERS' OPINIONS. , 2022, ss.1875 - 1899. |
AMA | Turan R ONLINE HISTORY LESSONS CONDUCTED DURING THE EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING PROCESS IN TURKEY: A REVIEW OF TEACHERS' OPINIONS. . 2022; 1875 - 1899. |
Vancouver | Turan R ONLINE HISTORY LESSONS CONDUCTED DURING THE EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING PROCESS IN TURKEY: A REVIEW OF TEACHERS' OPINIONS. . 2022; 1875 - 1899. |
IEEE | Turan R "ONLINE HISTORY LESSONS CONDUCTED DURING THE EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING PROCESS IN TURKEY: A REVIEW OF TEACHERS' OPINIONS." , ss.1875 - 1899, 2022. |
ISNAD | Turan, Refik. "ONLINE HISTORY LESSONS CONDUCTED DURING THE EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING PROCESS IN TURKEY: A REVIEW OF TEACHERS' OPINIONS". (2022), 1875-1899. |
APA | Turan R (2022). ONLINE HISTORY LESSONS CONDUCTED DURING THE EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING PROCESS IN TURKEY: A REVIEW OF TEACHERS' OPINIONS. IOJET, 9(4), 1875 - 1899. |
Chicago | Turan Refik ONLINE HISTORY LESSONS CONDUCTED DURING THE EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING PROCESS IN TURKEY: A REVIEW OF TEACHERS' OPINIONS. IOJET 9, no.4 (2022): 1875 - 1899. |
MLA | Turan Refik ONLINE HISTORY LESSONS CONDUCTED DURING THE EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING PROCESS IN TURKEY: A REVIEW OF TEACHERS' OPINIONS. IOJET, vol.9, no.4, 2022, ss.1875 - 1899. |
AMA | Turan R ONLINE HISTORY LESSONS CONDUCTED DURING THE EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING PROCESS IN TURKEY: A REVIEW OF TEACHERS' OPINIONS. IOJET. 2022; 9(4): 1875 - 1899. |
Vancouver | Turan R ONLINE HISTORY LESSONS CONDUCTED DURING THE EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING PROCESS IN TURKEY: A REVIEW OF TEACHERS' OPINIONS. IOJET. 2022; 9(4): 1875 - 1899. |
IEEE | Turan R "ONLINE HISTORY LESSONS CONDUCTED DURING THE EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING PROCESS IN TURKEY: A REVIEW OF TEACHERS' OPINIONS." IOJET, 9, ss.1875 - 1899, 2022. |
ISNAD | Turan, Refik. "ONLINE HISTORY LESSONS CONDUCTED DURING THE EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING PROCESS IN TURKEY: A REVIEW OF TEACHERS' OPINIONS". IOJET 9/4 (2022), 1875-1899. |